練習問題(数値は架空のもので、臨床上の指針ではありません)。 体重 53 kg の患者は、1日に体重1 kgあたり 1.8 g のたんぱく質を必要とします。経管栄養剤は1リットルあたり 55 g のたんぱく質を含み、1日 24 時間、60 mL/h で投与されます。 たんぱく質パウダーは1スクープあたり 5 g のたんぱく質を供給します。不足分を補うには、1日に何スクープ n が必要ですか。1スクープ単位に切り上げてください。
A raised white cell count with fever usually means the body is fighting an infection or major inflammation. The nurse reports it and looks for the source, including sepsis.
答え
D · An infection or significant inflammation
3.臨床看護学
答え: C · Smoking
これが答えになる理由
Smoking causes vasoconstriction and reduces tissue oxygen, slowing healing and increasing infection risk. Poor nutrition, diabetes, infection and steroids also impair healing.
答え
C · Smoking
4.臨床看護学
答え: A · Delirium starts suddenly and fluctuates, while dementia develops gradually
これが答えになる理由
Delirium develops over hours to days, with fluctuating attention and consciousness, and is often reversible when the cause is treated. Dementia is a gradual, progressive decline. Patients with dementia are at higher risk of delirium.
答え
A · Delirium starts suddenly and fluctuates, while dementia develops gradually
答え: B · Check for pain, thirst or a full bladder, and offer toileting
これが答えになる理由
Patients with dementia may not be able to say what they need. Checking for pain, thirst or the need to void often relieves restlessness; restraints, full bed rails and sedation have risks and are not first choices.
答え
B · Check for pain, thirst or a full bladder, and offer toileting
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: A · Stop the LPN/LVN and contact the prescriber or pharmacist about another form
これが答えになる理由
Crushing an extended-release tablet releases the whole dose at once and can cause toxicity, such as severe bradycardia or hypotension. The RN steps in now and arranges a suitable form.
答え
A · Stop the LPN/LVN and contact the prescriber or pharmacist about another form
15.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: C · Use the oral syringe or dosing cup that comes with the medicine
これが答えになる理由
Household spoons vary widely in size and cause dosing errors. A marked oral syringe or dosing device in mL gives an accurate dose.
答え
C · Use the oral syringe or dosing cup that comes with the medicine
Hydroxyurea increases fetal hemoglobin and reduces sickling crises, but it can suppress the bone marrow. The CBC, including neutrophils and platelets, is monitored regularly, and doses are adjusted if counts fall.確認に用いた資料:Sickle cell disease · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2026)