答え: D · Check responsiveness and look for injuries before moving them
これが答えになる理由
The nurse first calls for help and assesses the patient, including for head and hip injury. The patient is moved only when safe, using proper equipment, and the doctor is informed.
答え
D · Check responsiveness and look for injuries before moving them
答え: A · Avoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
これが答えになる理由
Smaller meals, not eating close to bedtime, raising the head of the bed, weight loss and stopping smoking reduce reflux. Lying flat after eating makes it worse.
答え
A · Avoid large meals late in the evening and raise the head of the bed
4.臨床看護学
答え: B · To prevent "wrong blood in tube" errors that can cause fatal reactions
これが答えになる理由
A sample labelled with the wrong patient's details can lead to incompatible blood being issued. Labelling at the bedside after positive identification is a key transfusion safety step.
答え
B · To prevent "wrong blood in tube" errors that can cause fatal reactions
The pH is low (acidosis), the PaCO₂ is normal and the bicarbonate is low, so the cause is metabolic. Causes include diabetic ketoacidosis, sepsis and kidney failure.
答え: B · Clean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
これが答えになる理由
Old exudate contains surface bacteria that may not be causing the infection. The wound is cleaned with sterile saline and then swabbed over clean, viable tissue, ideally before antibiotics start.
答え
B · Clean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
答え: A · Clean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
これが答えになる理由
Cleaning the urethral area and discarding the first part of the stream reduce contamination from skin and urethral bacteria. The inside of the sterile container must not be touched, and the sample should reach the laboratory promptly.確認に用いた資料:Clean catch urine sample · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)
答え
A · Clean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part