What does the Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) score assess?
AThe cannula site for signs of phlebitis
BThe speed of an infusion pump
CThe risk of an allergic reaction to IV drugs
DThe patient's eyesight before surgery
2.基礎看護学むずかしい
A patient describes burning, shooting pain with pins and needles in both feet. Which type of pain is most likely?
AReferred pain
BNeuropathic pain
CAcute somatic pain
DVisceral pain
3.臨床看護学ふつう
A patient has a continuous stream of bubbles in the water seal chamber of their chest drain. What does this most likely indicate?
AThe lung has fully re-expanded
BThe drain is blocked
CAn air leak, from the lung or from the drainage system
DThe drain is working normally for a fluid collection only
4.臨床看護学むずかしい
A patient with lung cancer develops swelling of the face and arms, distended neck veins and breathlessness that is worse lying down. What should be suspected?
A nurse sees a nursing assistant leave a confused patient’s bed in the highest position after care. What should the nurse do?
ALower the bed now and remind the assistant why it matters
BAsk the family to lower the bed when they next visit
CWrite it in the assistant’s yearly review only
DLeave it because the patient is asleep
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A patient opens their eyes only to pain, uses inappropriate words and withdraws from pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
A7
B13
C11
D9
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
hydrOXYzine と hydrALAZINE のような「トールマン表記」の目的は何ですか?
A2つの薬のうちどちらがハイリスク薬かを示すこと
B薬の規格(含量)を示すこと
C似た名前の薬を見分けやすくすること
D商品名を示すこと
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A patient rescued from a house fire has a headache and confusion, but the pulse oximeter reads 99%. Why might this reading be misleading?
APulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
BThe reading is accurate, so carbon monoxide poisoning is ruled out
CConfusion and headache make pulse oximetry readings inaccurate in every patient
DPulse oximeters always read falsely low after any kind of smoke exposure
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
重度の肝疾患と羽ばたき振戦のある患者の錯乱の原因を、最もよく反映する検査値はどれですか?
A血清アンモニアの上昇
B血清リパーゼの低下
C血清カリウムの低下のみ
Dトロポニンの上昇
18.検査値と電解質むずかしい
A patient has a hematocrit of 60% and a raised red cell mass. Which result suggests polycythemia vera rather than secondary polycythemia from chronic hypoxia?
AA low oxygen saturation
BA low erythropoietin level
CA high carboxyhemoglobin
DA high erythropoietin level
3溶液
1.基礎看護学
答え: A · The cannula site for signs of phlebitis
これが答えになる理由
The VIP score grades pain, redness, swelling and hardening along the vein. A rising score tells the nurse when the cannula must be removed.
答え
A · The cannula site for signs of phlebitis
2.基礎看護学
答え: B · Neuropathic pain
これが答えになる理由
Neuropathic pain comes from damage to nerves, for example in diabetes, and is often burning, shooting or tingling. It may respond poorly to standard analgesics and need specific drugs.
答え
B · Neuropathic pain
3.臨床看護学
答え: C · An air leak, from the lung or from the drainage system
これが答えになる理由
Bubbling with breathing in a drain for pneumothorax shows air is leaving the pleural space. Continuous bubbling can also mean a leak in the connections, so the system is checked and the finding reported.
答え
C · An air leak, from the lung or from the drainage system
4.臨床看護学
答え: C · Superior vena cava obstruction
これが答えになる理由
Superior vena cava obstruction prevents venous drainage from the head and arms. It is an oncological emergency; patients are positioned upright and need urgent specialist treatment.
答え: A · Lower the bed now and remind the assistant why it matters
これが答えになる理由
A high bed increases the risk of a serious fall, so the nurse corrects it at once and gives brief, clear feedback. Leaving it or delaying feedback leaves the patient at risk.
答え
A · Lower the bed now and remind the assistant why it matters
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: D · 9
これが答えになる理由
Eyes open to pain scores 2, inappropriate words score 3 and withdrawal from pain scores 4, giving 9. A score of 8 or less often means the patient cannot protect their airway.
答え: A · Pulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
これが答えになる理由
Standard pulse oximeters read carboxyhemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin, so SpO2 can look normal in carbon monoxide poisoning. A blood carboxyhemoglobin level confirms it, and high-flow oxygen is given.
答え
A · Pulse oximetry cannot tell carbon monoxide-bound hemoglobin from oxygen-bound hemoglobin
In polycythemia vera, a marrow mutation (usually JAK2) drives red cell production, so erythropoietin is low. In secondary polycythemia from hypoxia (COPD, high altitude, smoking), erythropoietin is high. Often white cells and platelets are also raised in polycythemia vera.確認に用いた資料:Erythropoietin test · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025); Polycythemia vera · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2025)