答え: B · It only protects if it seals closely to the wearer's face
これが答えになる理由
A respirator filters tiny airborne particles only if air passes through the filter, not around a gap. Fit-testing and a fit-check every time it is worn make sure it seals.
答え
B · It only protects if it seals closely to the wearer's face
2.基礎看護学
答え: C · Give controlled oxygen, e.g. via a Venturi mask, aiming for 88–92%
これが答えになる理由
Oxygen must not be withheld from a hypoxic patient. In those at risk of hypercapnia it is given in a controlled way to a target of 88–92%, with blood gases checked.
答え
C · Give controlled oxygen, e.g. via a Venturi mask, aiming for 88–92%
3.臨床看護学
答え: B · Encouraging fluids, fibre and mobility
これが答えになる理由
Adequate fluids, a fibre-rich diet, mobility and privacy for toileting help prevent constipation. Laxatives are added if needed, especially with opioids.
答え
B · Encouraging fluids, fibre and mobility
4.臨床看護学
答え: C · Pre-renal acute kidney injury from poor perfusion, treated by restoring fluid volume
これが答えになる理由
Fluid loss reduces kidney perfusion, causing pre-renal AKI. Prompt fluid replacement can restore function before the kidney tissue itself is damaged.
答え
C · Pre-renal acute kidney injury from poor perfusion, treated by restoring fluid volume
答え: B · Regular oral care to reduce bacteria in the mouth
これが答えになる理由
Oral care, including tooth brushing, reduces the bacteria that can be aspirated around the endotracheal tube. It is part of ventilator care along with head elevation and sedation review.
答え
B · Regular oral care to reduce bacteria in the mouth
16.感染管理と患者の安全
答え: B · Draw the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic without delay
これが答えになる理由
Cultures are drawn before the first antibiotic dose so the organism can still be grown and identified. The antibiotic is then given promptly, because delay increases the risk of death in sepsis.
答え
B · Draw the blood cultures first, then give the antibiotic without delay
17.検査値と電解質
答え: D · Aspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
これが答えになる理由
The catheter sampling port is cleaned and urine is aspirated with a sterile syringe, keeping the system closed. Urine in the drainage bag has been standing and can contain bacteria that multiplied there; opening the system raises the risk of infection.
答え
D · Aspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe