A patient is receiving opioids after surgery. Which finding usually comes before opioid-induced respiratory depression?
AIncreasing sleepiness that is hard to rouse
BIncreased appetite and thirst
CA sudden rise in pain scores
DA rise in blood pressure with flushed cheeks
14.優先順位の決定と委任むずかしい
A patient’s serum potassium is 6.1 mEq/L. Which of the patient’s medications should the nurse question first?
AHydrochlorothiazide
BSpironolactone
COmeprazole
DFurosemide
15.感染管理と患者の安全ふつう
患者が処方された薬を拒否したいと言っています。看護師はどうすべきですか?
A理由を聞き、説明し、判断能力のある人の選択を尊重し、記録する
B確実に服用させるため、食べ物や飲み物に薬を隠して混ぜる
Cチームから質問されないよう、与薬したと記録する
D処方されたものなので、とにかく与える
16.感染管理と患者の安全むずかしい
A patient asks for a pain tablet. The record shows none has been given, but the patient says, “The other nurse gave me one earlier.” What should the nurse do?
ATell the patient they must be confused
BGive half a tablet now, to be safe, and the other half later if needed
CCheck with the other nurse and the records before giving another dose
DGive the tablet, because the record shows none was given
17.検査値と電解質ふつう
A nurse completed the hepatitis B vaccine series. Which result shows protective immunity?
答え: A · It keeps the upper airway open during sleep with continuous air pressure
これが答えになる理由
Continuous positive airway pressure acts as a splint for the upper airway, preventing collapse and apnoeas. Patients should bring their CPAP machine into hospital.
答え
A · It keeps the upper airway open during sleep with continuous air pressure
答え: A · Increasing sleepiness that is hard to rouse
これが答えになる理由
Sedation usually increases before breathing slows. Regular sedation checks let the nurse hold the opioid and act before respiratory depression occurs.
答え
A · Increasing sleepiness that is hard to rouse
14.優先順位の決定と委任
答え: B · Spironolactone
これが答えになる理由
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and can raise potassium further. Furosemide and thiazides tend to lower potassium, and omeprazole does not usually affect it.
答え: C · Check with the other nurse and the records before giving another dose
これが答えになる理由
Undocumented doses can lead to double dosing. The nurse checks with colleagues and the dispensing records, then gives the drug only once it is clear whether a dose was given.
答え
C · Check with the other nurse and the records before giving another dose
17.検査値と電解質
答え: B · Anti-HBs of 10 mIU/mL or more
これが答えになる理由
An anti-HBs level of at least 10 mIU/mL after vaccination indicates protection. HBsAg and IgM anti-HBc indicate infection, not immunity. Health care workers are often tested after vaccination.確認に用いた資料:Hepatitis virus panel · MedlinePlus (NIH) (2024)