読解(入学試験)
解き方
- 先に設問を読んで、何を探すかをつかみます。
- 文章をざっと読んで、話題と要点をつかみます。最初か最後の文に書かれていることがよくあります。
- 設問の答えになるまさにその箇所に戻ります。
- 推論では、手がかりが最も強く裏づける選択肢を選び、それ以上に踏み込んだものは選びません。
- ラベルや表では、当てはまる規則をすべて適用し、簡単な計算を慎重に行います。
公式集、全トピックの解法の要点、6 問の演習問題。完全な解答は巻末にあります。
Frogs begin life as eggs laid in water. The eggs hatch into tadpoles, which have tails and breathe with gills. Over several weeks, tadpoles grow legs, lose their tails and develop lungs. How is the passage mainly organised?
Passage 1: “Night shifts are hard on nurses’ health because they disrupt sleep.” Passage 2: “Many nurses prefer night shifts because they pay more and allow daytime family time.” Which statement could BOTH authors accept?
Which sentence uses the possessive of a time expression correctly?
In a quotation, what are square brackets [ ] used for?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse gave explicit instructions about wound care.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient with meningitis had photophobia.”
答え: C · In time order, describing stages of growth
The passage follows the frog’s life from egg to tadpole to adult, which is chronological (sequence) order.
答え: A · Night shifts have both costs and benefits for nurses.
Passage 1 names a cost and Passage 2 names benefits. Both could accept that night work has advantages and disadvantages; the other choices contradict at least one passage.
答え: B · She took a week’s vacation.
Time expressions can be possessive: a week’s vacation, a day’s work. For plurals the apostrophe follows the s: two weeks’ notice.
答え: D · To show words the writer added or changed in the quote
Square brackets enclose words the writer adds or changes for clarity, as in “She [the nurse] arrived early.” Omissions use an ellipsis.
答え: A · Clearly and fully stated
Explicit means stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion.
答え: D · Sensitivity to light
Photophobia is discomfort or pain in the eyes caused by light.
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