読解(入学試験)
解き方
- 先に設問を読んで、何を探すかをつかみます。
- 文章をざっと読んで、話題と要点をつかみます。最初か最後の文に書かれていることがよくあります。
- 設問の答えになるまさにその箇所に戻ります。
- 推論では、手がかりが最も強く裏づける選択肢を選び、それ以上に踏み込んだものは選びません。
- ラベルや表では、当てはまる規則をすべて適用し、簡単な計算を慎重に行います。
公式集、全トピックの解法の要点、6 問の演習問題。完全な解答は巻末にあります。
“Scientists classify a tomato as a fruit because it develops from a flower and contains seeds. In cooking, however, it is usually treated as a vegetable.” What does the passage explain?
Researchers found that people who own dogs live longer, on average, than people who do not. The author concludes that buying a dog will make a person live longer. What is the main weakness in the author’s reasoning?
Choose the correct word: “She asked ___ the clinic was open on Sunday.”
Which sentence shows correct parallel structure?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “It was evident that the patient was in pain.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The injury is bilateral and proximal.”
答え: B · Why a tomato can be called both a fruit and a vegetable
The passage contrasts the scientific view (fruit, because it grows from a flower and has seeds) with the cooking view (vegetable).
答え: D · A link between two things does not prove that one causes the other.
Healthier, more active people may be more likely to own dogs. A correlation alone does not show that buying a dog causes a longer life.
答え: C · whether
“Whether” introduces alternatives or an indirect question. “Weather” refers to rain, sun and temperature.
答え: B · The job requires patience, attention to detail and good communication.
The first sentence lists three noun phrases. The others mix nouns, -ing forms, infinitives and clauses.
答え: C · Clear or obvious
Evident means plain to see or understand.
答え: C · On both sides, and near the trunk
Bilateral means affecting both sides of the body; proximal means closer to the trunk or point of origin.
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