読解(入学試験)
解き方
- 先に設問を読んで、何を探すかをつかみます。
- 文章をざっと読んで、話題と要点をつかみます。最初か最後の文に書かれていることがよくあります。
- 設問の答えになるまさにその箇所に戻ります。
- 推論では、手がかりが最も強く裏づける選択肢を選び、それ以上に踏み込んだものは選びません。
- ラベルや表では、当てはまる規則をすべて適用し、簡単な計算を慎重に行います。
公式集、全トピックの解法の要点、6 問の演習問題。完全な解答は巻末にあります。
“The lungs contain millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli. Here, oxygen passes into the blood, and carbon dioxide passes out to be breathed away.” What happens in the alveoli?
A pamphlet states: “Our vitamin drink is used by top athletes. Join the winners — drink VitaMax!” Which technique does the pamphlet mainly use to persuade?
Choose the correct word: “She speaks Spanish as ___ as her teacher.”
Which choice best combines the sentences to show cause and effect? “The patient skipped breakfast. She felt faint during the test.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient felt ambivalent about having surgery.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The injury is bilateral and proximal.”
答え: B · Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
In the alveoli, oxygen moves into the blood and carbon dioxide moves out. This swap is called gas exchange.
答え: C · Linking the product to admired people
The pamphlet tries to persuade by connecting the drink with top athletes and “winners” (an appeal to admired people), not by giving evidence.
答え: C · fluently
“As … as” uses the base form of the adjective or adverb. Because it describes how she speaks, the adverb “fluently” is needed.
答え: C · Because the patient skipped breakfast, she felt faint during the test.
“Because” shows that skipping breakfast caused the faintness. “And” only adds ideas, and “although” and “but” wrongly suggest contrast.
答え: C · Having mixed feelings
Ambivalent means having mixed or opposing feelings about something.
答え: C · On both sides, and near the trunk
Bilateral means affecting both sides of the body; proximal means closer to the trunk or point of origin.
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