読解(入学試験)
解き方
- 先に設問を読んで、何を探すかをつかみます。
- 文章をざっと読んで、話題と要点をつかみます。最初か最後の文に書かれていることがよくあります。
- 設問の答えになるまさにその箇所に戻ります。
- 推論では、手がかりが最も強く裏づける選択肢を選び、それ以上に踏み込んだものは選びません。
- ラベルや表では、当てはまる規則をすべて適用し、簡単な計算を慎重に行います。
公式集、全トピックの解法の要点、6 問の演習問題。完全な解答は巻末にあります。
Frogs begin life as eggs laid in water. The eggs hatch into tadpoles, which have tails and breathe with gills. Over several weeks, tadpoles grow legs, lose their tails and develop lungs. How is the passage mainly organised?
The author writes: “Since the city put up speed cameras, the number of crashes has fallen. The cameras also earned the city a lot of money in fines. Critics say this proves the cameras are only about money.” Why is the critics’ conclusion weak?
Choose the correct word: “The thermometer, ___ was new, broke on the first day.”
Which revision is the most concise? “The nurse made a decision to conduct an assessment of the wound.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Patients must adhere to the medication schedule.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient was taught to recognise the precursors of a migraine.”
答え: B · In time order, describing stages of growth
The passage follows the frog’s life from egg to tadpole to adult, which is chronological (sequence) order.
答え: B · Earning money does not rule out improving safety.
The cameras can both earn money and reduce crashes. Earning fines does not prove that money is their only purpose.
答え: C · which
“Which” is used for things in a nonessential clause. “Who” and “whom” refer to people.
答え: C · The nurse decided to assess the wound.
“Made a decision” becomes “decided” and “conduct an assessment of” becomes “assess”. C fixes only one phrase, B is still wordy and D adds the passive voice.
答え: C · Follow closely
To adhere is to stick to, or to follow a rule or plan faithfully.
答え: C · Warning signs that come before it
A precursor is something that comes before and signals what follows.
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