読解(入学試験)
解き方
- 先に設問を読んで、何を探すかをつかみます。
- 文章をざっと読んで、話題と要点をつかみます。最初か最後の文に書かれていることがよくあります。
- 設問の答えになるまさにその箇所に戻ります。
- 推論では、手がかりが最も強く裏づける選択肢を選び、それ以上に踏み込んだものは選びません。
- ラベルや表では、当てはまる規則をすべて適用し、簡単な計算を慎重に行います。
公式集、全トピックの解法の要点、6 問の演習問題。完全な解答は巻末にあります。
“Mobile clinics now travel to farming villages twice a month. Before, people had to travel three hours to the nearest doctor.” What is the main benefit of the mobile clinics?
The author writes: “Our survey found that 9 out of 10 dentists recommend chewing gum.” The survey was paid for by a chewing gum company and asked only 10 dentists. Why should a reader be cautious about this claim?
Which sentence has correct parallel structure?
Which sentence would work best as a thesis statement for an essay?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The doctor explained the prognosis.”
What does the term gastroenteritis mean?
答え: B · Easier access to health care
Before, villagers travelled three hours to see a doctor. Mobile clinics bring care to them, making health care easier to reach.
答え: C · The sample is tiny and the sponsor has an interest.
A sample of 10 is too small to generalise from, and a gum company has a reason to want a positive result, so the claim may be biased.
答え: B · She likes running, swimming and cycling.
All three items use the -ing form. Mixing “to cycle” or “cycles” with -ing forms breaks the parallel structure.
答え: B · Hospitals should limit nurses’ shifts to twelve hours to reduce fatigue-related errors.
A thesis statement states a clear, arguable main point. A makes a specific claim with a reason; the others are facts, announcements or vague statements.
答え: A · The likely course and outcome of a disease
The prognosis is the predicted outcome. The diagnosis is the identification of the disease.
答え: D · Inflammation of the stomach and intestines
Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often causing vomiting and diarrhoea.
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