一致と代名詞の格を確かめるために、句(of the …, along with …)や、余分な人(you and …)を取り除きましょう。
各節を確認します:単独で成り立ちますか? 独立節は、コンマ+接続詞またはセミコロンでつなぎます。
修飾語とリストを確認します:説明する句はその語の隣に、項目は同じ形にそろえます。
語の選択と文体では、正確でフォーマルな、簡潔な選択肢を選びましょう。
医療の語彙(入学試験)
解き方
文全体を読み、文脈の手がかりを探します:定義、対比、例、原因と結果。
知らない単語を接頭辞・語根・接尾辞に分け、それぞれの意味を考えます。
医学用語は、接尾辞から先頭に向かって読みます(hepat-itis:肝臓の炎症)。
各選択肢を文に当てはめて、意味が通るか確かめます。
その語に日常的な別の意味があっても、この文で使われている意味を選びます。
2演習問題
1.読解(入学試験)ふつう
“The patient said he felt ‘as weak as a kitten’ after his long illness.” What does the patient mean?
AHe wanted a pet cat.
BHe felt very weak.
CHe felt very sleepy.
DHe felt playful and lively.
2.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
A shift schedule shows: Nurse A works Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Nurse B works Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Nurse C works Monday, Thursday and Saturday. On which day do Nurse A and Nurse B work together?
答え: C · It falls, because CO₂ forms carbonic acid in the blood
これが答えになる理由
CO₂ combines with water to form carbonic acid, which releases hydrogen ions. More CO₂ therefore lowers the pH and makes the blood more acidic (respiratory acidosis).
答え
C · It falls, because CO₂ forms carbonic acid in the blood
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · OH⁻
これが答えになる理由
Hydroxide is OH⁻, one oxygen and one hydrogen with a 1− charge. H₃O⁺ is the hydronium ion found in acidic solutions.
答え
A · OH⁻
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: B · Filter to remove the sand, then distil the filtrate to collect water and leave salt
これが答えになる理由
Filtration removes the insoluble sand. The filtrate is salt water; distilling it collects pure water in the condenser and leaves the salt behind. Evaporation alone would recover salt but lose the water.
答え
B · Filter to remove the sand, then distil the filtrate to collect water and leave salt
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · Twenty patients were seen today.
これが答えになる理由
A number that begins a sentence is written out in words. No hyphen or comma joins the number to its noun.
答え
B · Twenty patients were seen today.
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · When students study early, they remember more.
これが答えになる理由
“Students” is third person, so the pronoun should also be third person: “they”. Switching to “you” is a shift in person.
答え
C · When students study early, they remember more.
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: A · Fluid put into the rectum to empty the bowel
これが答えになる理由
An enema is fluid introduced into the rectum to clean out or stimulate the bowel.
答え
A · Fluid put into the rectum to empty the bowel
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Not responding
これが答えになる理由
Refractory means resistant to treatment or not responding to it.
答え
C · Not responding
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