一致と代名詞の格を確かめるために、句(of the …, along with …)や、余分な人(you and …)を取り除きましょう。
各節を確認します:単独で成り立ちますか? 独立節は、コンマ+接続詞またはセミコロンでつなぎます。
修飾語とリストを確認します:説明する句はその語の隣に、項目は同じ形にそろえます。
語の選択と文体では、正確でフォーマルな、簡潔な選択肢を選びましょう。
医療の語彙(入学試験)
解き方
文全体を読み、文脈の手がかりを探します:定義、対比、例、原因と結果。
知らない単語を接頭辞・語根・接尾辞に分け、それぞれの意味を考えます。
医学用語は、接尾辞から先頭に向かって読みます(hepat-itis:肝臓の炎症)。
各選択肢を文に当てはめて、意味が通るか確かめます。
その語に日常的な別の意味があっても、この文で使われている意味を選びます。
2演習問題
1.読解(入学試験)ふつう
The river flooded after a week of heavy rain. Water covered the main road, so the town closed it and set up a detour through the hills. What caused the town to close the main road?
ARepairs being made in the hills
BA traffic accident on the detour
CSnow falling during the week
DFlood water covering the main road
2.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
“The town’s only factory closed in March. By summer, several shops on the main street had shut, and the bus service was cut to twice a day.” What does the passage suggest?
AThe factory closing hurt the wider town.
BThe factory reopened later that year.
CThe bus service improved over the summer.
DThe shops closed because of new laws.
3.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)ふつう
1/2 × 1 3/8 を計算せよ。最も簡単な形の答えをクリックしてください。
1/2 × 1 3/8
14/11
23/16
31 1/10
411/16
4.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)むずかしい
連続する 3 個の整数の和は 96 です。 そのうち最大の数 x はいくつですか?
Σ = 96
x =
5.人体解剖学ふつう
ネフロンのどの部分で水とナトリウムの大部分が再吸収されますか?
A近位尿細管
Bヘンレループ
C遠位尿細管
D集合管
6.人体解剖学むずかしい
右利きの人の左中大脳動脈の脳卒中で最も起こりやすいのはどれですか?
A左半身の筋力低下と失語
B平衡の障害のみ
C右半身の筋力低下と失語
D右半身の筋力低下と左側の視空間無視
7.人体生理学ふつう
重い肝疾患のように血漿アルブミンが低いと浮腫が起こります。その主な理由は何ですか?
A毛細血管の静水圧が下がるから
B毛細血管が水を通さなくなるから
C血漿の膠質浸透圧が下がるから
Dリンパの排出が増えるから
8.人体生理学むずかしい
左室不全が肺水腫を起こすのはなぜですか?
A右室が肺に送る血液が減るから
B左房圧の上昇が肺毛細血管の静水圧を上げるから
C気管支動脈がふさがるから
D肺の血漿膠質浸透圧が急激に上がるから
9.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
A patient's blood type is B positive. What does this mean?
ATheir red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
BTheir red cells carry the A antigen and no RhD antigen
CTheir red cells carry no antigens at all
DTheir plasma contains anti-B antibodies
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
Scientists put a human gene into bacteria to make a protein. Why do they use a DNA copy made from the mature mRNA instead of the gene taken straight from human DNA?
ABacteria have no ribosomes
BBacteria cannot remove introns
CHuman DNA has no start codons
DBacteria cannot read human codons
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
A radioactive isotope has a half-life of 5 days. A sample starts with 80 g. How much is left after 10 days?
A10 g
B0 g
C20 g
D40 g
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
Raising the temperature by 10 °C can roughly double the rate of many reactions. What is the main reason?
AMany more collisions have at least the activation energy
BThe activation energy itself is lowered by the extra heat
CThe reaction becomes more exothermic
DThe particles become larger and easier to hit
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct word: “She asked ___ the clinic was open on Sunday.”
Aweather
Bweather’s
Cwether
Dwhether
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
In the title The Art of Nursing, why is “of” not capitalised?
APrepositions are always capitalised in titles.
BOnly nouns are ever capitalised in titles.
CShort prepositions in the middle of a title are usually lowercase.
DIt is the last word of the title.
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The unit has strict protocols for infection control.”
AYearly budgets
BOfficial procedures or rules
CStaff uniforms
DSeparate buildings
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
What does the term dermatology mean?
AInflammation of the skin
BRemoval of the skin
CSurgical repair of the skin
DThe study and treatment of the skin
3溶液
1.読解(入学試験)
答え: D · Flood water covering the main road
これが答えになる理由
The sentence says water covered the main road, so the town closed it. The word “so” links the cause to the effect.
答え
D · Flood water covering the main road
2.読解(入学試験)
答え: A · The factory closing hurt the wider town.
これが答えになる理由
After the factory closed, shops shut and buses were cut, suggesting that the loss of the factory harmed the town’s economy.
答え: A · Their red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
これが答えになる理由
Type B means the B antigen is on the red cells (and anti-A antibodies are in the plasma). Positive means the RhD antigen is also present.
答え
A · Their red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: B · Bacteria cannot remove introns
これが答えになる理由
Human genes contain introns, which bacteria cannot splice out. A copy made from mature mRNA (cDNA) contains only the exons, so the bacteria can translate it correctly using the universal genetic code.
答え
B · Bacteria cannot remove introns
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: C · 20 g
これが答えになる理由
10 days is 2 half-lives: 80 g → 40 g → 20 g. Each half-life halves the amount that is left, so the sample does not lose a fixed mass each time.
答え
C · 20 g
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · Many more collisions have at least the activation energy
これが答えになる理由
Heating makes particles move faster, so collisions are slightly more frequent, but more importantly a much larger fraction of collisions have enough energy to react. The activation energy stays the same unless a catalyst is added.
答え
A · Many more collisions have at least the activation energy
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: D · whether
これが答えになる理由
“Whether” introduces alternatives or an indirect question. “Weather” refers to rain, sun and temperature.
答え
D · whether
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: C · Short prepositions in the middle of a title are usually lowercase.
これが答えになる理由
In title case, short articles, conjunctions and prepositions are lowercase unless they are the first or last word. Nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are capitalised.
答え
C · Short prepositions in the middle of a title are usually lowercase.
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: B · Official procedures or rules
これが答えになる理由
A protocol is an official set of rules or procedures for doing something.
答え
B · Official procedures or rules
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: D · The study and treatment of the skin
これが答えになる理由
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin. Dermatitis is skin inflammation.
答え
D · The study and treatment of the skin
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