一致と代名詞の格を確かめるために、句(of the …, along with …)や、余分な人(you and …)を取り除きましょう。
各節を確認します:単独で成り立ちますか? 独立節は、コンマ+接続詞またはセミコロンでつなぎます。
修飾語とリストを確認します:説明する句はその語の隣に、項目は同じ形にそろえます。
語の選択と文体では、正確でフォーマルな、簡潔な選択肢を選びましょう。
医療の語彙(入学試験)
解き方
文全体を読み、文脈の手がかりを探します:定義、対比、例、原因と結果。
知らない単語を接頭辞・語根・接尾辞に分け、それぞれの意味を考えます。
医学用語は、接尾辞から先頭に向かって読みます(hepat-itis:肝臓の炎症)。
各選択肢を文に当てはめて、意味が通るか確かめます。
その語に日常的な別の意味があっても、この文で使われている意味を選びます。
2演習問題
1.読解(入学試験)ふつう
Paragraph: “Exercise has many benefits. It strengthens the heart and lungs. It helps control weight. It can also improve mood and sleep.” Which sentence is the topic sentence?
AIt can also improve mood and sleep.
BIt helps control weight.
CIt strengthens the heart and lungs.
DExercise has many benefits.
2.読解(入学試験)むずかしい
Passage A: “Homework helps students practise skills learned in class.” Passage B: “Too much homework can cause stress and leave little time for rest.” Which statement best combines both passages?
AHomework should be banned in all schools from now on.
BHomework is never useful for any student.
CMore homework always means better grades.
DHomework can help, but too much can be harmful.
3.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)ふつう
2/5 ÷ 1 1/6 を計算せよ。最も簡単な形の答えをクリックしてください。
2/5 ÷ 1 1/6
112/35
22 11/12
32 2/5
47/15
4.看護学校入学準備の数学(入学試験)むずかしい
連続する 3 個の整数の和は 144 です。 そのうち最大の数 x はいくつですか?
Σ = 144
x =
5.人体解剖学ふつう
回旋筋腱板は棘上筋、棘下筋、小円筋とどの筋肉からなりますか?
A広背筋
B大円筋
C三角筋
D肩甲下筋
6.人体解剖学むずかしい
虫垂炎の初期には、へその周りのはっきりしない痛みとして感じられることが多いです。なぜですか?
A炎症がまずへそ周囲の腹壁に広がるため
B虫垂がへその真後ろにあるため
C虫垂の内臓神経は、へその皮膚と同じく T10 で脊髄に入るため
D横隔神経が痛みをへそへ伝えるため
7.人体生理学ふつう
胃で塩酸を分泌する細胞はどれですか?
A壁細胞
B主細胞
C杯細胞
DG 細胞
8.人体生理学むずかしい
高地で数日から数週間かけて起こる適応はどれですか?
A腎臓での重炭酸の保持の増加
Bヘマトクリットの低下
Cエリスロポエチン濃度の上昇と赤血球の増加
D酸素を節約するための換気の減少
9.看護学校入学試験のための生物ふつう
What is meant by independent assortment in meiosis?
AHomologous pairs line up randomly, so gametes get different mixes of chromosomes
BDNA is copied separately in each chromosome
CSister chromatids stay joined until the end of meiosis, so all gametes are identical
DAll chromosomes from the mother go into the same gamete
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物むずかしい
The antibiotic tetracycline binds to bacterial ribosomes. Which process does it block, and why are human cells much less affected?
ATranscription, because human cells have no RNA polymerase of their own
BTranslation, because human cells have no ribosomes
CTranslation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
DDNA replication, because bacteria have no DNA polymerase
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学ふつう
What is the formula of the hydroxide ion?
AH₃O⁺
BOH⁻
CO²⁻
DOH⁺
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学むずかしい
Making ammonia (N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃) is exothermic. A low temperature would give a higher yield, yet factories use a moderately high temperature. Why?
AAt low temperatures the reaction is too slow to be useful
BLow temperatures would make the ammonia explode
CHigher temperatures shift the equilibrium toward more ammonia
DThe catalyst only works when the reaction is endothermic
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the correct verb: “The news from the lab ___ encouraging.”
Ahave been
Bis
Cwere
Dare
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)むずかしい
What is the function of the underlined clause? “What the doctor said surprised everyone.”
AAn independent clause
BA noun clause acting as the subject
CAn adverb clause showing time
DAn adjective clause describing “doctor”
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)ふつう
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Nurses must stay vigilant for signs of bleeding after surgery.”
ARelaxed and calm
BGentle and kind
CWatchful and alert
DUnsure and hesitant
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)むずかしい
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “On the mental health assessment, the patient’s affect was flat.”
ALevel of pain reported
BPhysical strength and energy
COutward expression of emotion
DAbility to remember recent events
3溶液
1.読解(入学試験)
答え: D · Exercise has many benefits.
これが答えになる理由
The first sentence states the main idea, and the other three give supporting details (specific benefits).
答え
D · Exercise has many benefits.
2.読解(入学試験)
答え: D · Homework can help, but too much can be harmful.
これが答えになる理由
Passage A gives a benefit and Passage B a drawback of too much homework. Only the first choice reflects both views.
答え
D · Homework can help, but too much can be harmful.
答え: A · Homologous pairs line up randomly, so gametes get different mixes of chromosomes
これが答えになる理由
In metaphase I, each homologous pair lines up with its maternal or paternal chromosome facing either pole by chance. So each gamete receives a random mix of maternal and paternal chromosomes.
答え
A · Homologous pairs line up randomly, so gametes get different mixes of chromosomes
10.看護学校入学試験のための生物
答え: C · Translation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
これが答えになる理由
Ribosomes carry out translation. Bacterial ribosomes (70S) are smaller and differ in structure from human cytoplasmic ribosomes (80S), so some antibiotics can target them selectively.
答え
C · Translation, because bacterial ribosomes differ from human ribosomes
11.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: B · OH⁻
これが答えになる理由
Hydroxide is OH⁻, one oxygen and one hydrogen with a 1− charge. H₃O⁺ is the hydronium ion found in acidic solutions.
答え
B · OH⁻
12.看護学校入学試験のための化学
答え: A · At low temperatures the reaction is too slow to be useful
これが答えになる理由
Lowering the temperature favours ammonia at equilibrium, but makes the reaction very slow. A compromise temperature with an iron catalyst gives an acceptable yield quickly. High pressure is also used to favour ammonia.
答え
A · At low temperatures the reaction is too slow to be useful
13.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · is
これが答えになる理由
“News” is an uncountable noun and takes a singular verb, like mathematics and measles.
答え
B · is
14.英文法と言語運用(入学試験)
答え: B · A noun clause acting as the subject
これが答えになる理由
The whole clause “What the doctor said” is the thing that surprised everyone, so it works as a noun and is the subject of “surprised”.
答え
B · A noun clause acting as the subject
15.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Watchful and alert
これが答えになる理由
Vigilant means carefully watching for possible danger or problems.
答え
C · Watchful and alert
16.医療の語彙(入学試験)
答え: C · Outward expression of emotion
これが答えになる理由
In mental health, affect is the observable expression of emotion; a flat affect shows very little emotional expression.
答え
C · Outward expression of emotion
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