解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

What does it mean that a cell membrane is selectively permeable?

1. AIt lets some substances cross but not others
2. BIt lets only water molecules cross
3. CIt lets no substance cross at all
4. DIt lets every substance cross freely in both directions

科学的方法において、仮説とは何か。

1. A行った測定値の一覧
2. B正しいと証明された結論
3. C多くの実験によって裏付けられた広範な説明
4. D検証できる説明または予測

In genetics, what is a carrier?

1. AA person with one recessive allele for a disorder but no symptoms
2. BA person with two recessive alleles who has the disorder
3. CA person who has a dominant disorder
4. DA person who has lost both alleles for the gene, so shows no trait

Which of these is part of the body's innate (non-specific) defence?

1. AT cells that recognise one virus
2. BAntibodies made after vaccination
3. CThe skin and stomach acid
4. DMemory B cells from an earlier infection

How do embryonic stem cells differ from most adult stem cells?

1. AThey are found only in plants, while adult stem cells are found in animals
2. BThey can no longer divide, while adult stem cells divide quickly
3. CThey are haploid, while adult stem cells are diploid
4. DThey can become almost any cell type, while adult stem cells are more limited

The genetic code is described as nearly universal. What does this mean?

1. AAll organisms have the same number of chromosomes in their cells
2. BEvery cell in the body makes the same proteins
3. CThe same codons mean the same amino acids in nearly all organisms
4. DAll organisms have exactly the same genes

体細胞分裂と減数分裂を正しく比べているのはどれか。

1. Aどちらも、生殖のために親細胞の半分の染色体数の配偶子をつくる
2. B体細胞分裂は分裂が 2 回あり、同一の 4 つの細胞ができる
3. C減数分裂は分裂が 2 回あり、遺伝的に異なる 4 つの半数体細胞ができる
4. D減数分裂は、親と同一の 2 つの細胞をつくる

Why do phospholipids arrange themselves into a double layer in water?

1. AThey are fully soluble in water
2. BTheir heads are hydrophilic and their tails are hydrophobic
3. CTheir heads are hydrophobic and their tails are hydrophilic
4. DThey carry a strong positive charge on both ends