1.やさしい
What is the aim of gene therapy?
- ATo remove all the genes from a patient's cells
- BTo give a patient antibiotics through a vein to kill a virus
- CTo treat a disease by adding a working copy of a faulty gene
- DTo change the patient's blood type
2.やさしい
What is phagocytosis?
- AA cell dividing into two identical daughter cells
- BA cell engulfing large particles such as bacteria
- CA cell taking in small droplets of fluid
- DA cell releasing hormones by exocytosis
3.やさしい
What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
- AAn organism whose DNA has been changed by genetic engineering
- BAn organism that has caught a virus
- CAn organism produced by normal sexual reproduction between two parents
- DAn organism that has been grown in a greenhouse
4.ふつう
Clostridium tetani grows in deep puncture wounds but is killed by oxygen. How is this bacterium described?
- AA facultative anaerobe
- BA photosynthetic bacterium
- CAn obligate anaerobe
- DAn obligate aerobe
5.ふつう
転写の間に何が起こるか。
- AmRNAの情報からタンパク質が組み立てられる
- Bリボソームでアミノ酸が結合される
- C分裂の前にDNA分子全体が複製される
- DDNAから遺伝子のmRNAコピーがつくられる
6.ふつう
What happens in the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis?
- AGlucose is broken down to release energy
- BLight is absorbed by chlorophyll
- CWater is split to release oxygen
- DCO₂ is built into sugar using ATP and NADPH
7.むずかしい
体細胞分裂と減数分裂を正しく比べているのはどれか。
- Aどちらも、生殖のために親細胞の半分の染色体数の配偶子をつくる
- B減数分裂は分裂が 2 回あり、遺伝的に異なる 4 つの半数体細胞ができる
- C減数分裂は、親と同一の 2 つの細胞をつくる
- D体細胞分裂は分裂が 2 回あり、同一の 4 つの細胞ができる
8.むずかしい
Which statement correctly compares DNA replication and transcription?
- ABoth use thymine and deoxyribose in the new strand
- BBoth take place on ribosomes in the cytoplasm
- CReplication makes RNA from DNA; transcription makes DNA from RNA
- DReplication copies all the DNA; transcription copies one gene
解答
- 1. C · To treat a disease by adding a working copy of a faulty gene
- 2. B · A cell engulfing large particles such as bacteria
- 3. A · An organism whose DNA has been changed by genetic engineering
- 4. C · An obligate anaerobe
- 5. D · DNAから遺伝子のmRNAコピーがつくられる
- 6. D · CO₂ is built into sugar using ATP and NADPH
- 7. B · 減数分裂は分裂が 2 回あり、遺伝的に異なる 4 つの半数体細胞ができる
- 8. D · Replication copies all the DNA; transcription copies one gene
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