解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

What is the cytoplasm?

1. AThe space between two neighbouring cells
2. BThe fluid found only inside the nucleus
3. CThe stiff outer layer of cellulose that surrounds a plant cell
4. DThe jelly-like contents between the membrane and nucleus

What is the main role of the cytoskeleton?

1. AIt controls which substances enter the cell
2. BIt stores the genetic code of the cell
3. CIt gives the cell its shape and helps it move
4. DIt joins amino acids into proteins

How does a vaccine protect a person?

1. AIt replaces the person's white blood cells with stronger ones
2. BIt blocks the pathogen from entering the nose
3. CIt kills all bacteria in the body straight away
4. DIt trains the immune system with a harmless form of a pathogen

Red-green colour blindness is X-linked recessive. A colour-blind woman (XᵇXᵇ) has children with a man with normal colour vision (XᴮY). What fraction of their sons is expected to be colour-blind?

1. AOne half
2. BNone
3. COne quarter
4. DAll

What happens during telophase of mitosis?

1. AA nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes
2. BThe chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell
3. CThe DNA is copied for the next division
4. DThe sister chromatids are pulled apart

Why is a buffer system important in blood?

1. AIt raises the blood glucose level
2. BIt carries oxygen to the tissues
3. CIt resists changes in pH
4. DIt makes the blood clot faster

植物細胞を純水に入れた。動物細胞のように破裂しないのはなぜか。

1. A液胞がすべての水をすぐに外へ汲み出すから
2. B植物細胞には細胞膜がないから
3. C水は植物細胞に入れないから
4. D細胞が満たされるにつれて細胞壁が押し返し、細胞が張る（膨圧がかかる）から

A scientist wants to show that a particular microbe causes a disease. According to Koch's postulates, which step is needed?

1. AThe disease must be treated successfully with antibiotics
2. BThe microbe must be seen in the blood under a light microscope
3. CThe microbe must be found in healthy hosts just as often as in sick hosts
4. DThe microbe grown from a sick host must cause the disease in a healthy host