解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

What are restriction enzymes?

1. AEnzymes that cut DNA at specific base sequences
2. BEnzymes that join amino acids into proteins
3. CEnzymes that digest fats in the intestine
4. DEnzymes that copy RNA into DNA

Which substances are used up in aerobic cellular respiration?

1. ACarbon dioxide and water
2. BOxygen and water
3. CGlucose and carbon dioxide
4. DGlucose and oxygen

Which element is found in all organic molecules?

1. ANitrogen
2. BCarbon
3. CSulfur
4. DPhosphorus

How does facilitated diffusion differ from active transport?

1. AIt works without any membrane proteins
2. BIt moves only water and no other substances
3. CIt needs no energy and moves substances down their gradient
4. DIt needs ATP and moves substances against their gradient

ヘテロ接合の親どうし（Aa × Aa）を交配した。期待される遺伝子型の比はどれか。

1. A1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa
2. B3 AA : 1 aa
3. C2 AA : 1 Aa : 1 aa
4. D1 AA : 1 aa

What does RNA polymerase do?

1. AIt removes introns from pre-mRNA
2. BIt copies the whole genome before cell division
3. CIt builds an RNA strand from a DNA template
4. DIt builds a protein from an mRNA template

減数分裂のとき、1 対の染色体が分離しなかった。何が起こりうるか。

1. A親細胞と遺伝的に同一の配偶子ができる
2. B染色体が 1 本多い、または 1 本足りない配偶子ができる
3. C各染色体の遺伝子がちょうど 2 倍になった配偶子ができる
4. DDNAをまったく含まない配偶子ができる

Fertiliser washes from farmland into a lake. Algae grow rapidly, then die, and later many fish die. What is the main cause of the fish deaths?

1. AThe fertiliser is directly poisonous to fish
2. BThe fish eat too many algae and become ill
3. CBacteria decomposing the dead algae use up the oxygen
4. DThe algae release carbon dioxide that poisons fish