解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

What is natural selection?

1. AAnimals choosing which mates they like best, so traits change at random
2. BHumans breeding plants for useful traits
3. COrganisms changing their genes when they need to
4. DIndividuals with helpful traits survive and reproduce more

What is phagocytosis?

1. AA cell taking in small droplets of fluid
2. BA cell dividing into two identical daughter cells
3. CA cell releasing hormones by exocytosis
4. DA cell engulfing large particles such as bacteria

細胞の大きさを表すのに最もよく使われる単位はどれか。

1. Aリットル（L）
2. Bマイクロメートル
3. Cキロメートル（km）
4. Dメートル（m）

Drugs against fungal infections often cause more side effects than drugs against bacteria. Why?

1. AFungi have no cell membrane for drugs to act on
2. BFungal cells are eukaryotic, like human cells
3. CFungi reproduce only by binary fission
4. DFungi are much smaller than bacteria

During which division of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

1. AMeiosis I
2. BNeither, because they separate in mitosis
3. CBoth meiosis I and meiosis II
4. DMeiosis II

How are photosynthesis and aerobic respiration related?

1. AThe products of one are the reactants of the other
2. BBoth happen only in animal cells, never in plant cells
3. CBoth take place only in chloroplasts
4. DBoth release oxygen into the air

Griffith injected mice with heat-killed harmful bacteria mixed with live harmless bacteria. The mice died, and live harmful bacteria were found in them. What did this show?

1. AHeat makes harmless bacteria become harmful when they are injected
2. BA substance from the dead bacteria changed the harmless ones
3. CThe mice were killed by the dead bacteria alone
4. DBacteria can be killed by the immune system of mice

PCR starts with one double-stranded DNA molecule, and the number of copies doubles each cycle. How many copies are there after 10 cycles?

1. A20
2. B100
3. C512
4. D1024