解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

優性対立遺伝子について正しいものはどれか。

1. A2 コピーあるときにだけ、その効果が現れる
2. B1 コピーしかなくても、その効果が現れる
3. C常に母親から受け継がれる
4. D表現型には決して現れない

What is natural selection?

1. AHumans breeding plants for useful traits
2. BOrganisms changing their genes when they need to
3. CAnimals choosing which mates they like best, so traits change at random
4. DIndividuals with helpful traits survive and reproduce more

What are cilia?

1. AOpenings in the nuclear envelope
2. BSmall round sacs that hold digestive enzymes
3. CShort hair-like projections that beat in waves
4. DFolds of the inner mitochondrial membrane that make ATP

Identical twins raised in different homes have different body weights. What does this show?

1. ABody weight is controlled by a single gene
2. BThe twins must have different genotypes for body weight genes
3. CMutations happened in every cell of one twin
4. DThe phenotype depends on environment as well as genotype

Sickle cell disease is caused by a single base change that replaces one amino acid in haemoglobin. What type of mutation is this?

1. AA silent mutation
2. BA frameshift mutation
3. CA missense mutation
4. DA nonsense mutation

Which is an example of negative feedback?

1. ABlood clotting speeding up once it starts
2. BSweating when body temperature rises
3. CContractions growing stronger during labour
4. DA wound becoming more inflamed over time

Home pregnancy tests use antibodies that bind the hormone hCG. Why do they react with hCG and not with other proteins in urine?

1. AThe hormone hCG is a type of antibody itself
2. BEach antibody binds a specific antigen shape
3. CAntibodies bind every protein but change colour only with hCG
4. DUrine contains no other proteins at all

基質に形が似た分子が酵素の活性部位に結合し、反応を遅らせている。その影響を小さくするにはどうすればよいか。

1. A反応から水をすべて取り除く
2. B阻害剤をさらに加える
3. C基質の量を減らす
4. D基質をずっと多く加える