解答つき看護学校入学試験のための生物ワークシート

What is a neuron?

1. AA bone cell that stores calcium
2. BA blood cell that carries oxygen around the body
3. CA nerve cell that carries electrical signals
4. DA muscle cell that contracts

What is a pedigree in genetics?

1. AA picture of a person's chromosomes arranged in pairs by size
2. BA list of all the genes in an organism
3. CA chart that shows how a trait is inherited in a family
4. DA table of codons and amino acids

What is an antigen?

1. AA white blood cell that engulfs and digests bacteria
2. BA protein that carries oxygen
3. CA drug that kills viruses
4. DA molecule that the immune system sees as foreign

Human adult height varies across a smooth, continuous range rather than falling into a few separate groups. What is the best explanation?

1. AIt is controlled by many genes and also affected by environment
2. BIt is controlled only by the environment
3. CIt is an X-linked recessive trait
4. DIt is controlled by one gene with two alleles and full dominance

正常なヒトの卵細胞には、染色体がいくつあるか。

1. A46
2. B23
3. C92
4. D22

Golden rice was genetically modified to make beta-carotene. What is the aim?

1. ATo help prevent vitamin A deficiency
2. BTo make the rice resistant to all insects
3. CTo make the rice grow faster in cold climates
4. DTo increase the protein content of the rice

How does the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system find the right place to cut DNA?

1. AThe Cas9 protein cuts DNA at random sites
2. BIt reads the amino acid sequence of the protein
3. CA guide RNA pairs with the matching DNA sequence
4. DIt binds only to the start codon of every gene

People who carry one sickle cell allele are more resistant to malaria. Why is the allele common in regions where malaria is widespread?

1. AMalaria causes the sickle cell mutation directly
2. BThe allele is dominant, so it spreads by itself
3. CNatural selection favours the heterozygotes there
4. DPeople with two sickle alleles are fully healthy there