1.やさしい
What is natural selection?
- AOrganisms changing their genes when they need to
- BAnimals choosing which mates they like best, so traits change at random
- CIndividuals with helpful traits survive and reproduce more
- DHumans breeding plants for useful traits
2.やさしい
What is a decomposer?
- AAn animal that hunts other animals
- BAn animal that eats only plants
- CAn organism that breaks down dead material
- DAn organism that makes food from sunlight
3.やさしい
What is a eukaryote?
- AAn organism whose cells have a nucleus
- BAn organism that lives only in extreme heat
- CA virus that infects animal cells
- DAn organism made of a single cell without a nucleus
4.ふつう
What does RNA polymerase do?
- AIt removes introns from pre-mRNA
- BIt copies the whole genome before cell division
- CIt builds an RNA strand from a DNA template
- DIt builds a protein from an mRNA template
5.ふつう
What do the spindle fibres do during cell division?
- AThey copy the DNA of each chromosome before the cell divides
- BThey make the new nuclear envelope
- CThey attach to chromosomes and move them to the poles
- DThey digest the old cell membrane
6.ふつう
Researchers randomly assign patients to receive either a new wound dressing or the standard dressing and compare healing times. What type of study is this?
- AA controlled experiment
- BAn observational study
- CA survey
- DA case report
7.むずかしい
筋細胞は多くのエネルギーを使う。筋細胞に多数あると予想される細胞小器官はどれか。
- Aリソソーム
- Bミトコンドリア
- C液胞
- D葉緑体
8.むずかしい
グラフが、ある酵素の活性が 20 °C から上がって 37 °C でピークとなり、そのあと急激に下がることを示している。最も適切な解釈はどれか。
- A酵素は 20 °C で最もよくはたらき、37 °C で破壊される
- B温度は酵素の活性に影響しない
- C最適温度は約 37 °C で、それより高温では変性する
- D温度が上がるほど、酵素は速くはたらき続ける
解答
- 1. C · Individuals with helpful traits survive and reproduce more
- 2. C · An organism that breaks down dead material
- 3. A · An organism whose cells have a nucleus
- 4. C · It builds an RNA strand from a DNA template
- 5. C · They attach to chromosomes and move them to the poles
- 6. A · A controlled experiment
- 7. B · ミトコンドリア
- 8. C · 最適温度は約 37 °C で、それより高温では変性する
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