解答つき感染管理と患者の安全ワークシート

Which finding suggests a systemic infection rather than only a local one?

1. ARedness around a small cut
2. BFever with a raised heart rate
3. CSlight tenderness around an IV site
4. DMild swelling at an injection site

Which precautions are used for a patient with HIV infection who has no other infection?

1. AStandard precautions
2. BDroplet precautions
3. CAirborne precautions
4. DContact precautions

Which example shows indirect contact transmission?

1. AA mosquito bites an infected person and then a healthy one
2. BBacteria on a bed rail reach a nurse’s hands and then another patient
3. CA person inhales tiny particles that hang in the air of a room
4. DLarge droplets from a sneeze land directly on a nearby person’s face

錠剤を渡す前に、患者が「この薬はいつもの薬と見た目が違う」と言いました。看護師はどうすべきですか？

1. A病院ではどの薬も見た目が違うものだと患者に説明する
2. B投与前に手を止めて、指示と薬を再確認する
3. C半分だけ渡して、異常な作用がないか観察する
4. D患者を安心させて錠剤を渡す

Which information must be documented when a patient is restrained?

1. AOnly the name of the nurse who applied it and the unit where it happened
2. BThe reason, alternatives tried, type of restraint, times and regular assessments
3. COnly whether the family agreed to the restraint
4. DOnly the time the restraint was put on and the time it was taken off

A patient has received oral radioactive iodine therapy. Which precaution is usually taken?

1. APlace the patient on droplet precautions with a surgical mask
2. BEncourage pregnant visitors to sit close to the patient to give emotional support
3. CLet the patient share a bathroom with other patients
4. DLimit time close to the patient and handle body fluids per radiation policy

A patient after heart surgery has temporary epicardial pacing wires. Why do staff take special care with electrical safety?

1. APacing wires can only carry current coming from the pacemaker box itself
2. BSmall currents can travel along the wires straight to the heart and cause arrhythmias
3. CThe wires make the patient immune to electric shock
4. DElectrical safety only matters for patients who have permanent implanted pacemakers

A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised number of band (immature) neutrophils, called a “shift to the left”. What does this usually suggest?

1. AAn allergic reaction
2. BA long-standing parasitic infection
3. CA typical viral infection
4. DAn acute bacterial infection