解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

Lactate is mainly produced when cells:

1. AStore glucose as glycogen in the muscles
2. BBreak down protein in the liver for energy
3. CBreak down glucose without enough oxygen
4. DBreak down fat completely with oxygen

A low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) means that:

1. AThe red cells are larger than normal (macrocytic)
2. BThe red cells are smaller than normal (microcytic)
3. CThe bone marrow is making too many white cells
4. DThe red cells contain more hemoglobin than normal

The serum total protein is made up mainly of:

1. ASodium and chloride
2. BGlucose and urea
3. CAlbumin and globulins
4. DHemoglobin and iron

A patient is starting dabigatran, a direct oral anticoagulant. Which laboratory test is most important to review before the first dose?

1. AKidney function (creatinine clearance)
2. BLipase, to rule out an inflamed pancreas first
3. CTSH, to rule out an overactive thyroid gland
4. DINR, to set the dose of the anticoagulant

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7.3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7.7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
2. BThe results are within the normal fasting range
3. CThe results show reactive hypoglycemia
4. DThe results show prediabetes only

2 日間嘔吐が続いている患者の BUN が 32 mg/dL（尿素 11.4 mmol/L）で、クレアチニンは正常です。最も考えられる原因はどれですか？

1. A水分過剰
2. B肝不全
3. C脱水
4. D低蛋白食

The nurse teaches a patient with iron-deficiency anemia who is starting oral iron. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll keep the tablets out of reach of the children"
2. B"I'll take my iron tablet with a big glass of milk"
3. C"My stools may look darker while I take the tablets"
4. D"I can take it with orange juice to help absorption"

2 週間前に大量の輸血を受けた患者で、HbA1c の結果が誤解を招くことがあるのはなぜですか？

1. AHbA1c は、赤血球ではなく白血球上の糖を測定するため
2. B多くの赤血球が供血者由来の細胞で、患者のブドウ糖に曝露されていないため
3. C輸血は、常に HbA1c を偽高値まで上げるため
4. DHbA1c は、あらゆる状況で正確であるため