解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What is the effect of insulin on serum potassium?

1. AIt makes the kidneys keep more potassium in the blood
2. BIt moves potassium out of cells, raising the serum level
3. CIt moves potassium into cells, lowering the serum level
4. DIt has no effect on potassium in any amount

A blood lactate level above about which value is usually considered raised in an adult?

1. A10 mmol/L
2. B0.2 mmol/L
3. C20 mmol/L
4. D2 mmol/L

Which laboratory test is used to diagnose sickle cell disease?

1. AProthrombin time with INR
2. BSerum ferritin and transferrin saturation
3. CHemoglobin electrophoresis
4. DErythrocyte sedimentation rate

ワルファリン服用中の患者が、毎日多量のケールとほうれん草を食べ始めました。INR が低下しました。最も適切な助言はどれですか？

1. A食事が普通に戻るまでワルファリンをやめる
2. B緑色の野菜は二度と食べない
3. Cビタミン K を多く含む食品の摂取量を、日によって変えず一定に保つ
4. D処方者に知らせずに、ワルファリンの用量を 2 倍にする

A patient has taken a proton pump inhibitor (such as omeprazole) for many years and now has muscle cramps and tremor. Which electrolyte is most likely to be low?

1. ASodium
2. BPhosphate
3. CMagnesium
4. DChloride

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
2. BThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose
3. CHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
4. DThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample

A frail older adult in a nursing home has been drinking very little during a heat wave. She is confused, and her sodium is 158 mEq/L. Which treatment would the nurse expect?

1. AA loop diuretic to remove the extra sodium quickly
2. BStrict fluid restriction to below 800 mL a day
3. CGradual replacement of free water over many hours
4. DRapid infusion of 3% saline to raise the volume

An 82-year-old woman without a catheter has a urine culture growing bacteria, but no fever, urinary symptoms or change in mental state. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA urinary tract infection that needs urgent IV antibiotics
2. BAsymptomatic bacteriuria, usually not treated with antibiotics
3. CPyelonephritis, which needs admission and IV fluids today
4. DContamination, so the culture must be repeated every week