解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

In a person with HIV infection, a CD4 count below which level defines AIDS?

1. A1,000 cells/µL
2. B50 cells/µL
3. C500 cells/µL
4. D200 cells/µL

What is a "critical value" (panic value) in laboratory reporting?

1. AA result that is normal but differs from the patient's last value
2. BAny result that is slightly outside the laboratory reference range
3. CA result so abnormal that it may threaten life and needs prompt action
4. DA result that the laboratory could not measure because of a bad sample

What does the reticulocyte count measure?

1. APlatelets that are larger than normal in size
2. BYoung red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow
3. COld red blood cells that are being removed by the spleen
4. DImmature white blood cells released during infection

When several samples are drawn at the same venipuncture, which tubes or bottles are filled first?

1. AFluoride (glucose) tubes
2. BBlood culture bottles
3. CEDTA (complete blood count) tubes
4. DCoagulation (citrate) tubes

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1.0 to 1.8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
2. BMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
3. CNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
4. DA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney

A patient who is breathless during a transfusion has hypotension, fever and bilateral lung infiltrates, with no signs of fluid overload. Which complication is most likely?

1. ATransfusion-associated circulatory overload
2. BA simple allergic reaction with hives
3. CA mild febrile nonhemolytic reaction
4. DTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

Four patients had a thyroidectomy earlier today. Which result should the nurse act on first?

1. AGlucose 145 mg/dL (8.0 mmol/L) after surgery
2. BSodium 136 mEq/L on IV fluids after surgery
3. CCalcium 7.2 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) with tingling lips
4. DHemoglobin 12.1 g/dL (121 g/L) after surgery

A patient's bedside glucose meter shows "HI" (above its measuring range). The patient is drowsy. What should the nurse do?

1. AAssume the meter is broken and give the usual insulin dose
2. BSend a venous sample to the lab and inform the provider at once
3. CRecord "HI" and repeat the meter test at the next scheduled time
4. DGive oral glucose in case the reading is wrong and the patient is low