解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

Which gland produces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?

1. AThe parathyroid glands
2. BThe adrenal cortex
3. CThe anterior pituitary gland
4. DThe thyroid gland itself

Which laboratory test is used to diagnose sickle cell disease?

1. AProthrombin time with INR
2. BErythrocyte sedimentation rate
3. CSerum ferritin and transferrin saturation
4. DHemoglobin electrophoresis

What is the main purpose of a Gram stain?

1. ATo sort bacteria quickly into gram-positive or negative
2. BTo detect viruses in a sample of respiratory secretions
3. CTo test which antibiotics a bacterium is sensitive to
4. DTo measure exactly how many bacteria are in the blood

A patient with a potassium of 2.8 mEq/L has potassium chloride prescribed IV. Which statement about giving it is correct?

1. AIt is added to the IV bag without mixing, so it stays at the bottom
2. BIt may be given as a slow IV push over one minute if the level is very low
3. CIt is given as an undiluted bolus into a large vein to avoid irritation
4. DIt is always diluted and given by infusion pump, never as an IV push

A patient has started parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central line. Which test is monitored most frequently in the first days?

1. ASerum lipase
2. BThyroid hormones
3. CBlood glucose
4. DHemoglobin A1c

慢性腎臓病の患者は、酢酸カルシウムやセベラマーなどのリン吸着薬をいつ服用すべきですか？

1. A週に 1 回だけ
2. B空腹時の就寝前
3. C気分が悪いときだけ
4. D食事とともに

A patient with ongoing hemolytic anemia has an HbA1c of 4.6%, but home glucose readings are often 180–220 mg/dL (10–12 mmol/L). What best explains the gap?

1. AShort red cell life span lowers the HbA1c falsely
2. BThe home glucose meter is reading falsely high
3. CHemolysis makes the HbA1c test read too high
4. DThe patient has true, well-controlled diabetes

患者のクレアチニン上昇が、長年の慢性腎臓病ではなく急性腎障害によることを最も強く示唆する所見はどれですか？

1. A患者は、何年もクレアチニンが高い
2. B患者は、長年の貧血がある
3. Cクレアチニンは 3 日前には正常で、その後 2 倍になった
4. D超音波検査で、腎臓が小さい