解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

血清浸透圧の典型的な基準範囲はどれですか？

1. A約 400–500 mOsm/kg
2. B約 50–100 mOsm/kg
3. C約 275–295 mOsm/kg
4. D約 135–145 mOsm/kg

息切れのある患者で、B 型ナトリウム利尿ペプチド（BNP）の上昇が最も強く支持する病態はどれですか？

1. A心不全
2. B肺炎
3. Cパニック発作
4. D喘息発作

The tumor marker CA-125 is most often used to follow which cancer?

1. AOvarian cancer
2. BLung cancer
3. CColon cancer
4. DThyroid cancer

A patient's potassium is 7.0 mEq/L. Which ECG change would the nurse expect?

1. AProminent U waves
2. BFlattened T waves
3. CTall, peaked T waves
4. DDelta waves before the QRS

患者が皮下注射のエノキサパリン（低分子量ヘパリン）を投与されています。モニタリングについて、正しい記述はどれですか？

1. A通常の aPTT は不要で、代わりに血小板と腎機能を確認する
2. B用量を調整するために、aPTT を 6 時間ごとに確認しなければならない
3. Cワルファリンと同様に、各用量を調整するために INR を用いる
4. Dいかなる血液検査も決して必要ない

A patient with type 2 diabetes has a target HbA1c below 7% (53 mmol/mol). Today's result is 7.8% (62 mmol/mol). What is the best interpretation?

1. AThe patient has had frequent episodes of severe hypoglycemia
2. BGlucose control has been excellent for the past several months
3. CAverage glucose over the past months has been above the target
4. DThe result shows today's fasting glucose is above the target

A patient with severe hypertriglyceridemia has a measured sodium of 128 mEq/L, but a measured serum osmolality is normal, and the patient has no symptoms. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ATrue hyponatremia from SIADH that needs fluid restriction
2. BPseudohyponatremia, an artifact caused by very high lipids
3. CHyponatremia caused by drinking far too much water
4. DHyponatremia caused by severe hyperglycemia in diabetes

A patient without symptoms has a finger-stick glucose of 340 mg/dL (18.9 mmol/L). The previous values were normal, and the patient has just peeled an orange. What should the nurse do first?

1. AHave the patient wash and dry their hands, then repeat the test
2. BGive a correction dose of insulin for a glucose of 340 mg/dL
3. CAsk the laboratory to measure HbA1c from the same drop of blood
4. DReport the result as a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus