解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood
2. BHow many white cells are present in the sample
3. CWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
4. DWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic

Which liver test is especially sensitive to heavy alcohol use?

1. ASerum lipase (pancreatic enzyme)
2. BSerum creatinine and BUN
3. CCardiac troponin I or T
4. DGamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)

What is a typical adult reference range for serum bicarbonate (total CO₂) on a metabolic panel?

1. AAbout 22–28 mEq/L
2. BAbout 8–12 mEq/L
3. CAbout 98–106 mEq/L
4. DAbout 35–45 mEq/L

肝不全の患者が、ワルファリンを服用していないのに INR が上昇することがあるのはなぜですか？

1. A肝臓が大半の凝固因子を作るため、産生が低下する
2. Bアルブミンは凝固因子であり、その値が低下する
3. Cビリルビンが、凝固因子を直接破壊する
4. D腎臓が、血液中から凝固因子を排除しなくなる

Which IV fluid can be given through the same line as a red cell transfusion?

1. ALactated Ringer's (Hartmann's) solution
2. B0.9% sodium chloride
3. C0.45% sodium chloride
4. D5% dextrose in water

A patient's potassium is unexpectedly 5.8 mEq/L. The sample was taken after the tourniquet was on for several minutes while the patient pumped their fist. What is the best interpretation?

1. AThe result confirms true hyperkalemia and needs no further checking
2. BTourniquet time affects only the glucose result, not the potassium
3. CFist pumping lowers potassium, so the true level is even higher
4. DThe result may be falsely high and should be repeated with better technique

患者が大量に吐血して 30 分後に到着しました。心拍数は 125 回/分ですが、最初のヘモグロビンは 13.0 g/dL（130 g/L）です。ヘモグロビンが誤解を招くのはなぜですか？

1. A出血中はヘモグロビンが上昇し、喪失が隠れるため
2. B全血が失われるため、値は数時間後にならないと低下しないため
3. Cこの値は、有意な出血がないことを証明するため
4. D緊急の状況では、この検査は決して正確でないため

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2.9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

1. ACentral diabetes insipidus
2. BSyndrome of inappropriate ADH
3. CPrimary hyperaldosteronism
4. DPrimary adrenal insufficiency