解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

On urinalysis, dark amber urine with a high specific gravity most often suggests:

1. AUrine with a large amount of glucose
2. BVery dilute urine from high fluid intake
3. CNormal urine after drinking extra water
4. DConcentrated urine from low fluid intake

A patient on warfarin asks what an INR of 2.0 means. Which explanation is best?

1. AYour blood clots about twice as fast as is normal
2. BYou have twice the normal number of platelets
3. CYour blood takes about twice as long as normal to clot
4. DYour warfarin dose is twice what it should be

A raised lymphocyte count is most typical of:

1. AViral infections
2. BIron deficiency
3. CAllergic asthma
4. DBacterial abscesses

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

1. APlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood
2. BPregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells
3. CThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation
4. DIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy

A patient taking a statin reports new, unexplained muscle pain and weakness. Which laboratory test would the nurse expect to be ordered?

1. ASerum ammonia
2. BCardiac troponin
3. CCreatine kinase (CK)
4. DSerum lipase

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin B₁₂
2. BFolate (folic acid)
3. CIron (low ferritin)
4. DVitamin C (ascorbic acid)

手術後、大量の低張性輸液を受けている患者に、頭痛、悪心、錯乱が現れました。これを最もよく説明する結果はどれですか？

1. A血糖 110 mg/dL（6.1 mmol/L）
2. Bカリウム 4.2 mEq/L
3. Cカルシウム 9.4 mg/dL（2.35 mmol/L）
4. Dナトリウム 126 mEq/L

新たに深部静脈血栓症を発症した患者がヘパリンを点滴中で、ワルファリンを開始したばかりです。ヘパリンを数日間続けるのはなぜですか？

1. Aヘパリンが、腸からのワルファリンの吸収を高めるため
2. Bワルファリンは、ヘパリンを同時に投与したときにだけ効くため
3. Cヘパリンが、ワルファリンの副作用を防ぐため
4. Dワルファリンが十分な抗凝固作用に達するまでに、数日かかるため