解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

無料で印刷できる検査値と電解質のワークシート：やさしい問題から試験レベルまで 8 問、解答つき。印刷するか PDF で保存できます。

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名前: ____________________   日付: ____________

1.やさしい

What is the main effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidneys?

  1. AMore potassium is reabsorbed, so the serum potassium rises
  2. BMore glucose is excreted, so the urine contains sugar
  3. CMore water is excreted, so the urine becomes dilute
  4. DMore water is reabsorbed, so urine is concentrated
2.やさしい

Why is prealbumin (transthyretin) sometimes used to follow a patient's nutritional status instead of albumin?

  1. AIt has a short half-life, so it changes within days
  2. BIt is not affected by inflammation or liver disease
  3. CIt has a long half-life, so it changes over months
  4. DIt is measured in urine, so no blood test is needed
3.やさしい

皮膚と眼の黄染（黄疸）と最も密接に関連する検査結果はどれですか？

  1. A血清ビリルビンの上昇
  2. B血小板数の低下
  3. C血清カリウムの上昇
  4. D血清カルシウムの低下
4.ふつう

A patient who is breathless during a transfusion has hypotension, fever and bilateral lung infiltrates, with no signs of fluid overload. Which complication is most likely?

  1. ATransfusion-associated circulatory overload
  2. BTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
  3. CA simple allergic reaction with hives
  4. DA mild febrile nonhemolytic reaction
5.ふつう

A patient with joint aches has a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test. Which statement is correct?

  1. AA positive ANA rules out all other autoimmune diseases
  2. BA positive ANA proves the patient has rheumatoid arthritis
  3. CA positive ANA supports lupus but does not diagnose it alone
  4. DA positive ANA means the patient has a viral infection
6.ふつう

How should a patient collect a clean-catch midstream urine sample?

  1. AFill the cup completely, then add tap water if there is not enough
  2. BClean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
  3. CCollect the very first urine of the stream directly in the sterile cup
  4. DCollect urine from the toilet bowl after voiding into the toilet
7.むずかしい

A patient recovering from acute tubular necrosis now passes 4–5 L of urine a day. Which electrolyte changes should the nurse watch for?

  1. AHigh potassium and high sodium from retention
  2. BHigh calcium and high phosphate from bone loss
  3. CLow potassium and low sodium from urine losses
  4. DNo changes, because the kidneys are now normal
8.むずかしい

患者のカリウムは数か月間 3.4–3.6 mEq/L で、今日の1回の結果が 5.4 mEq/L です。患者は元気で、心電図は正常です。最もよい次のステップはどれですか？

  1. A患者が元気なので、結果を無視する
  2. B患者の定期薬をすべて中止する
  3. Cそれ以上の確認なしに、すぐにカリウム吸着薬を開始する
  4. D検体の採取方法を確認し、患者をアセスメントして、再検査する

解答

  1. 1. D · More water is reabsorbed, so urine is concentrated
  2. 2. A · It has a short half-life, so it changes within days
  3. 3. A · 血清ビリルビンの上昇
  4. 4. B · Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
  5. 5. C · A positive ANA supports lupus but does not diagnose it alone
  6. 6. B · Clean the area, start voiding into the toilet, then catch the middle part
  7. 7. C · Low potassium and low sodium from urine losses
  8. 8. D · 検体の採取方法を確認し、患者をアセスメントして、再検査する

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