解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

検査室が独自の基準範囲で結果を高値としてフラグ付けしましたが、その値は教科書の範囲内です。この患者には、どの範囲を使うべきですか？

1. A自分が研修を受けた病院で使われている範囲
2. Bその検査を行った検査室の基準範囲
3. C教科書は国の標準なので、教科書の範囲
4. Dどの資料でも見つけられる最も広い範囲

What is a typical reference range for urine specific gravity in an adult?

1. AAbout 0.900–0.990
2. BAbout 1.005–1.030
3. CAbout 1.040–1.060
4. DAbout 1.100–1.300

An eGFR below which value indicates stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. A60 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. B15 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. C90 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. D45 mL/min/1.73 m²

When several samples are drawn at the same venipuncture, which tubes or bottles are filled first?

1. AEDTA (complete blood count) tubes
2. BCoagulation (citrate) tubes
3. CBlood culture bottles
4. DFluoride (glucose) tubes

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a magnesium of 3.8 mEq/L (1.9 mmol/L). Which product is the most likely cause?

1. ALoop diuretics such as furosemide
2. BProton pump inhibitors taken long term
3. CMagnesium-containing laxatives or antacids
4. DExcess alcohol use over many years

A patient scheduled for surgery this morning has a potassium of 3.0 mEq/L on pre-operative tests. What should the nurse do?

1. ASend the patient to surgery without comment
2. BGive an oral potassium dose without a prescription
3. CRepeat the test after the surgery is finished
4. DReport it to the surgical team before surgery

During surgery under general anesthesia, a patient develops a rising end-tidal CO₂, muscle rigidity and tachycardia, then a high potassium and a rising temperature. Which condition is most likely?

1. AMalignant hyperthermia
2. BAcute hemolytic transfusion reaction
3. CHypoglycemia from fasting
4. DHypovolemic shock

Which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pattern most strongly suggests bacterial meningitis?

1. AClear fluid, normal glucose, mildly raised protein, lymphocytes
2. BClear fluid, normal glucose, normal protein, no white cells
3. CCloudy fluid, low glucose, high protein, many neutrophils
4. DClear fluid, high glucose, low protein, many red cells