解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

A patient has a hemoglobin of 19.5 g/dL (195 g/L) and a hematocrit of 58%. Which term describes this?

1. APolycythemia (erythrocytosis)
2. BPancytopenia (all cells low)
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DThrombocytopenia (low platelets)

In a healthy adult, the CSF glucose is usually about what proportion of the blood glucose?

1. AAbout two-thirds (60%)
2. BExactly the same (100%)
3. CAbout one tenth (10%)
4. DAbout double (200%)

A serum sodium of 151 mEq/L is called:

1. AHyponatremia
2. BHyperkalemia
3. CHypernatremia
4. DHypercalcemia

The heparin infusion rate was changed according to protocol. When is the aPTT usually rechecked?

1. AOnly after the infusion is stopped
2. BAbout 30 minutes after the change
3. CAbout 6 hours after the change
4. DAbout 3 days after the change

Which change in clotting tests is normal in late pregnancy?

1. APlatelets rise above 600 × 10³/µL
2. BaPTT doubles from baseline
3. CINR rises to about 3.0
4. DFibrinogen and D-dimer rise

When blood is drawn from a central venous catheter, why is a small volume of blood usually discarded first, according to policy?

1. ATo remove blood clots that form in all central lines
2. BTo avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid
3. CTo check that the catheter tip is still in the right vein
4. DTo lower the patient's hemoglobin for a blood transfusion

A patient has eaten very little for 2 weeks and has received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The INR is now 2.3 without warfarin, and the platelets are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. AImmune thrombocytopenia
2. BIron-deficiency anemia
3. CVitamin K deficiency
4. DHemophilia A

A 5-year-old has new bruising and petechiae two weeks after a viral illness. Platelets are 12 × 10³/µL; hemoglobin, white cell count and clotting times are normal. Which condition is most likely?

1. AHemophilia A
2. BAcute leukemia
3. CDisseminated intravascular coagulation
4. DImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)