解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

血清浸透圧の典型的な基準範囲はどれですか？

1. A約 275–295 mOsm/kg
2. B約 135–145 mOsm/kg
3. C約 400–500 mOsm/kg
4. D約 50–100 mOsm/kg

尿比重 1.035 は、何を最も強く示唆しますか？

1. Aすべての患者にとって正常な尿
2. B脱水のときのような、濃縮した尿
3. C尿崩症のときのような、非常に薄い尿
4. D尿路感染症

Which blood test is the usual measure of a person's vitamin D status?

1. A1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
2. B25-hydroxyvitamin D
3. CSerum phosphate
4. DParathyroid hormone

An older adult with chronic kidney disease takes glyburide (glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea) and has repeated low glucose readings. Why is this a concern?

1. AThe drug makes the glucose meter read falsely low
2. BThe drug causes high potassium that lowers the glucose
3. CThe drug and its metabolites build up and cause long lows
4. DThe drug stops working entirely when the kidneys fail

A tired patient with heavy menstrual periods has a normal hemoglobin and MCV but a ferritin of 8 ng/mL. What does this show?

1. AVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
2. BIron overload from too much iron
3. CIron deficiency without anemia yet
4. DA completely normal iron status

An older adult with chronic kidney disease starts trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a urinary tract infection. Which electrolyte should be monitored closely?

1. ACalcium, because the drug binds calcium in the gut
2. BPotassium, because trimethoprim can raise it
3. CChloride, because the drug causes chloride loss
4. DSodium, because the drug causes heavy sodium retention

A patient on clozapine reports a sore throat and fever. The ANC is 400/µL (0.4 × 10⁹/L). What should the nurse do?

1. AHold the clozapine and report the result at once
2. BHalve the dose and give it with a throat lozenge
3. CGive the next dose and recheck the ANC next month
4. DGive the dose with food to protect the stomach

転移性乳がんの患者のカルシウムが 13.2 mg/dL（3.3 mmol/L）で、錯乱と便秘があります。看護師が最初に開始されると予想する処方された治療はどれですか？

1. Aチアジド系利尿薬
2. B0.9 % 塩化ナトリウムの静脈内投与
3. C厳格な安静臥床
4. Dカルシウムの経口補充