解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

抗凝固薬を服用していない人の INR は、通常、約どれくらいですか？

1. A0.8–1.2
2. B3.5–4.5
3. C2.0–3.0
4. D5.0–6.0

What is the effect of insulin on serum potassium?

1. AIt moves potassium out of cells, raising the serum level
2. BIt moves potassium into cells, lowering the serum level
3. CIt makes the kidneys keep more potassium in the blood
4. DIt has no effect on potassium in any amount

What does a "culture and sensitivity" test of a sample show?

1. AWhether the patient is allergic to an antibiotic
2. BThe amount of antibiotic in the patient's blood
3. CWhich organism grows and which antibiotics work on it
4. DHow many white cells are present in the sample

患者の今日の空腹時血糖は 98 mg/dL（5.4 mmol/L）ですが、HbA1c は 8.9 %（74 mmol/mol）です。最もよい解釈はどれですか？

1. A患者は糖尿病ではない
2. BHbA1c は、過去 24 時間だけを反映している
3. C今日の良い結果は、糖尿病がよくコントロールされていることを示している
4. D過去 2～3 か月の血糖コントロールは不良だった

A patient with hyperkalemia is prescribed an oral potassium binder such as patiromer or sodium zirconium cyclosilicate. How does this drug lower potassium?

1. AIt protects the heart muscle against high potassium levels
2. BIt moves potassium into cells in the next few minutes
3. CIt binds potassium in the gut so it leaves in the stool
4. DIt stops the kidneys from absorbing water in the tubules

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1.0 to 1.8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
2. BThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
3. CA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
4. DNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks

A young adult has fatigue, bruising and fever. The white cell count is 85 × 10³/µL with many blasts, the hemoglobin is 7.9 g/dL (79 g/L) and the platelets are 22 × 10³/µL. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AAcute viral infection
2. BPolycythemia vera
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DAcute leukemia

A trauma patient receives many units of blood quickly and then develops muscle twitching and low blood pressure. Which laboratory value is most likely to explain this?

1. AA high serum sodium
2. BA low serum glucose
3. CA high serum magnesium
4. DA low ionized calcium