解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

A blood lactate level above about which value is usually considered raised in an adult?

1. A10 mmol/L
2. B2 mmol/L
3. C0.2 mmol/L
4. D20 mmol/L

尿比重 1.035 は、何を最も強く示唆しますか？

1. A尿路感染症
2. Bすべての患者にとって正常な尿
3. C脱水のときのような、濃縮した尿
4. D尿崩症のときのような、非常に薄い尿

Below about which blood glucose level is hypoglycemia usually defined and treated in a person with diabetes?

1. A70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L)
2. B40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L)
3. C126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L)
4. D100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L)

A patient has weight loss, tremor and heat intolerance. Which thyroid test pattern fits Graves disease?

1. AHigh TSH with a normal free T₄
2. BNormal TSH with a low free T₄
3. CLow TSH with a high free T₄
4. DHigh TSH with a low free T₄

静脈内グルコン酸カルシウムは、重度の高カリウム血症の患者にどのように役立ちますか？

1. A腎臓からのカリウムの排泄を増やす
2. B腸内でカリウムに結合し、便として排出させる
3. Cカリウムを下げずに、心筋細胞の膜を安定させる
4. Dカリウムを血液から細胞内に移動させる

A young adult with new diabetes has a very low C-peptide level. What does this suggest?

1. AThe patient has high insulin resistance, as in type 2 diabetes
2. BThe kidneys are excreting all of the patient's insulin in urine
3. CThe patient is injecting too much insulin and needs a lower dose
4. DThe pancreas is making very little insulin, as in type 1 diabetes

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor has nausea and fast breathing. Glucose 190 mg/dL (10.5 mmol/L), pH 7.15, bicarbonate 10 mEq/L, blood ketones high. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. ARespiratory acidosis from COPD
2. BSimple fasting ketosis only
3. CEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis
4. DHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

An 82-year-old woman without a catheter has a urine culture growing bacteria, but no fever, urinary symptoms or change in mental state. What is the best interpretation?

1. AContamination, so the culture must be repeated every week
2. BA urinary tract infection that needs urgent IV antibiotics
3. CAsymptomatic bacteriuria, usually not treated with antibiotics
4. DPyelonephritis, which needs admission and IV fluids today