解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

On urinalysis, dark amber urine with a high specific gravity most often suggests:

1. AVery dilute urine from high fluid intake
2. BNormal urine after drinking extra water
3. CUrine with a large amount of glucose
4. DConcentrated urine from low fluid intake

Serum creatinine comes mainly from:

1. AThe breakdown of dietary fat in the liver
2. BThe normal breakdown of creatine in muscle
3. CThe breakdown of old red cells in the spleen
4. DThe digestion of protein by gut bacteria

In a person with HIV infection, a CD4 count below which level defines AIDS?

1. A50 cells/µL
2. B200 cells/µL
3. C1,000 cells/µL
4. D500 cells/µL

A patient with pneumonia had a CRP of 180 mg/L on admission and 40 mg/L after 4 days of antibiotics. What does this most likely show?

1. AThe inflammation is settling with treatment
2. BThe infection has spread to another organ
3. CThe antibiotic is causing liver damage
4. DThe patient has developed a new infection

Which technique is recommended for a capillary blood glucose test on an adult's finger?

1. AUse the same finger every time
2. BSqueeze the finger very hard
3. CPrick the center of the fingertip
4. DPrick the side of the fingertip

高カルシウム血症に合致する所見の組み合わせはどれですか？

1. A唯一のサインとしての、非常に薄い尿を伴う口渇
2. B便秘、疲労、錯乱、腎結石
3. Cテタニー、筋肉のこむら返り、陽性のクボステック徴候
4. D尖った T 波と筋力低下のみ

糖尿病性ケトアシドーシスの患者がインスリンの静脈内持続投与を受けています。特に綿密なモニタリングが必要な検査値はどれですか？

1. Aインスリンが肝臓にアルブミンの産生を止めさせるため、アルブミン
2. Bインスリンが腎臓から大量のナトリウムを排泄させるため、ナトリウム
3. Cインスリンが赤血球を破壊するため、ヘモグロビン
4. Dインスリンがカリウムを細胞内に移動させ、急速に低下しうるため、カリウム

A patient's potassium is 7.2 mEq/L, and the monitor shows wide QRS complexes. Several treatments are prescribed. Which should be given first?

1. AIV furosemide (a loop diuretic)
2. BAn oral potassium binder dose
3. CIV calcium gluconate (or chloride)
4. DUrgent hemodialysis session