解答つき検査値と電解質ワークシート

What is the main role of fibrinogen in the blood?

1. AIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues
2. BIt is converted to fibrin, which forms the mesh of a clot
3. CIt breaks down clots once the bleeding has stopped
4. DIt transports iron from the gut to the bone marrow

A raised eosinophil count is most typical of:

1. AAllergic conditions and parasitic infections
2. BAcute blood loss after trauma
3. CAcute bacterial pneumonia and sepsis
4. DViral infections such as glandular fever

A raised alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in an adult is most closely linked to which cancer?

1. AHepatocellular (liver) cancer
2. BBladder urothelial cancer
3. CDuctal breast cancer
4. DProstate adenocarcinoma

A patient with hyponatremia from SIADH starts tolvaptan. Why is the serum sodium checked frequently in the first day?

1. AThe drug causes severe hyperkalemia
2. BThe drug lowers blood glucose sharply
3. CThe sodium can rise too quickly
4. DThe sodium always falls further

A patient taking phenazopyridine for bladder pain has bright orange urine. What should the nurse know about urine tests?

1. AThe drug improves the accuracy of all dipsticks
2. BThe color shows severe liver failure is present
3. CThe color proves blood is present in the urine
4. DThe dye can interfere with dipstick color readings

A patient who is breathless during a transfusion has hypotension, fever and bilateral lung infiltrates, with no signs of fluid overload. Which complication is most likely?

1. ATransfusion-associated circulatory overload
2. BA mild febrile nonhemolytic reaction
3. CTransfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
4. DA simple allergic reaction with hives

Which set of results best shows that diabetic ketoacidosis is resolving?

1. AA rising potassium with a falling bicarbonate
2. BA falling glucose with a still widening anion gap
3. CA falling glucose with a falling serum bicarbonate
4. DA closing anion gap with a rising bicarbonate and pH

A patient has painless jaundice, itching, dark urine and pale stools. ALP is markedly raised, conjugated (direct) bilirubin is high and ALT is only mildly raised. What is the most likely cause?

1. AGilbert syndrome, a harmless inherited bilirubin disorder
2. BBlockage of bile flow, for example by a tumor in the bile duct
3. CAcute viral hepatitis with widespread liver cell damage
4. DIncreased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)