解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which organism causes tuberculosis?

1. APseudomonas aeruginosa
2. BMycobacterium tuberculosis
3. CCorynebacterium diphtheriae
4. DStaphylococcus aureus

フロセミドなどのループ利尿薬で、よく低下する電解質はどれですか？

1. Aリン酸
2. Bカリウム
3. C重炭酸
4. D鉄

Which test is classically used to diagnose cystic fibrosis?

1. ATuberculin skin test
2. BPeak flow test
3. CSweat chloride test
4. DD-dimer test

Why is pyridoxine (vitamin B6) often given with isoniazid?

1. ATo prevent gout attacks
2. BTo prevent peripheral neuropathy
3. CTo prevent loss of colour vision
4. DTo prevent orange discolouration of urine

Why is a beta-blocker started at a low dose and increased slowly in heart failure?

1. AIt must be stopped as soon as symptoms improve
2. BIt can briefly worsen symptoms before long-term benefit appears
3. CIt works only if the dose is never changed after the first day
4. DIt is safe only at the highest possible dose from the very start

Which investigation is most often used to confirm a pulmonary embolism?

1. ACT pulmonary angiography
2. BSputum culture
3. CAbdominal ultrasound
4. DPeak flow measurement

A patient with a stab wound to the chest has a hole that sucks air with each breath. What is the immediate management?

1. ALeave it open and give a nebuliser
2. BSeal it completely with tape on all four sides and leave it alone
3. CPack the wound tightly with gauze pushed deep into the chest
4. DCover it with a vented chest seal or a dressing taped on three sides

The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?

1. ARecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic
2. BDeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment
3. CReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm
4. DStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline