1.やさしい
What is the classic clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?
- AA single episode of coughing up blood after a chest infection
- BA dry cough lasting about one week after a common cold
- CWheeze and chest tightness that occur only during exercise
- DA cough with sputum most days for 3 months in 2 years running
2.やさしい
喘息で細い気道が狭くなったときに典型的な呼吸音はどれですか?
- A深呼吸で聞こえる胸膜摩擦音
- B喘鳴。通常は呼気で大きくなる
- C主に吸気で聞こえる喘鳴(ストライダー)
- D咳をすると消える粗い断続性ラ音
3.やさしい
Drug names ending in "-olol", such as bisoprolol and atenolol, belong to which class?
- AACE inhibitors
- BCalcium channel blockers
- CLoop diuretics
- DBeta-blockers
4.ふつう
Why is active tuberculosis treated with several drugs for at least six months?
- ABecause the bacteria are resistant to all drugs at first
- BTo reduce the number of side effects compared with one drug
- CTo kill slow-growing bacteria and prevent drug resistance
- DBecause each drug works on a different organ only
5.ふつう
Which advice is most helpful for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon?
- ARub the fingers hard with snow during an attack
- BSoak the hands in cold water to toughen the vessels
- CKeep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking
- DTake a decongestant tablet before going outdoors
6.ふつう
Analysis of a pleural effusion shows it is an exudate (high protein and LDH compared with blood). Which cause is most likely?
- ANephrotic syndrome with protein lost in urine
- BPneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura
- CLiver cirrhosis with a low albumin
- DHeart failure with raised venous pressure
7.むずかしい
高流量酸素に加湿を行うのはなぜですか?
- A加湿したガスは、乾燥したガスよりも1リットルあたりの酸素を多く運ぶから
- B加湿によって酸素中毒が起こらなくなるから
- C水蒸気が酸素供給源から細菌をろ過するから
- D高流量の乾燥したガスは、気道を乾かして分泌物を粘稠にするから
8.むずかしい
A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure who takes ramipril and spironolactone. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I will avoid ibuprofen for my joint pain."
- B"I will call if I gain weight quickly or get more breathless."
- C"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
- D"I will weigh myself every morning after I go to the toilet."
解答
- 1. D · A cough with sputum most days for 3 months in 2 years running
- 2. B · 喘鳴。通常は呼気で大きくなる
- 3. D · Beta-blockers
- 4. C · To kill slow-growing bacteria and prevent drug resistance
- 5. C · Keep the whole body warm, wear gloves and stop smoking
- 6. B · Pneumonia or cancer affecting the pleura
- 7. D · 高流量の乾燥したガスは、気道を乾かして分泌物を粘稠にするから
- 8. C · "I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
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