解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What happens to the lungs in emphysema?

1. AThe pleural space slowly fills with fluid that compresses the lung
2. BThe airways narrow briefly and fully recover
3. CAlveolar walls are destroyed, reducing the surface for gas exchange
4. DThe bronchi become permanently widened and repeatedly infected

How is cystic fibrosis inherited?

1. AX-linked recessive
2. BAutosomal dominant
3. CAutosomal recessive
4. DIt is not inherited

狭心症に対するニトログリセリンのスプレーまたは錠剤は、どのように投与しますか？

1. A患者を背筋を伸ばして立たせて、舌下に
2. B患者を座らせて、舌下に
3. Cコップ1杯の水とともに丸ごと飲み込む
4. D食後にかんで飲み込む

When should an adult with cystic fibrosis take pancreatic enzyme capsules?

1. AOnly when they have diarrhoea
2. BOnce a day on waking, at least an hour before any food
3. CWith all meals and snacks that contain fat
4. DOnly at bedtime

Which ECG change is classically linked with hyperkalaemia?

1. AA sawtooth baseline
2. BTall, peaked T waves
3. CProminent U waves
4. DDelta waves before the QRS

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AStable angina
2. BAortic stenosis
3. CPhaeochromocytoma
4. DAsthma

心不全の患者の体重が3日間で2.5 kg増え、両側の肺底部に新たなラ音があり、今は枕4つで眠っています。血圧138/84 mmHg、室内気でSpO₂ 93%です。優先すべきことは何ですか？

1. A腎臓を守るため、経口の水分を余分に摂るよう勧める
2. B患者を座位にし、十分にアセスメントして、体液過剰を報告する
3. C体重を記録し、来週末にもう一度確認する
4. D心臓を休ませて負担を減らすため、患者を仰向けに寝かせる

During tracheal suctioning, a patient's heart rate drops from 88/min to 48/min. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a dose of atropine without a prescription
2. BStop suctioning, give oxygen and monitor the patient
3. CIncrease the suction pressure to finish faster
4. DContinue suctioning until the airway is completely clear