解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

静脈性の下腿潰瘍は、どこに最もよくできますか？

1. Aかかとの後ろ
2. B内果（足首の内側）の上方
3. C足底の中足骨頭の下
4. D足の指先

What is Cheyne–Stokes breathing?

1. ACycles of deeper then shallower breaths followed by a pause
2. BConstant deep, fast breathing that never changes in depth
3. CBreathing only through pursed lips
4. DA harsh, high-pitched sound on breathing in through the throat

Which side effect is typical of ACE inhibitors such as ramipril or lisinopril?

1. AA productive cough with green sputum
2. BA persistent dry cough
3. CA fast, irregular heart rate
4. DSwelling of both ankles

How should a patient with asthma record their peak flow at home?

1. ABlow only during an asthma attack, never when well
2. BTake one gentle blow once a week, at any time of day
3. CTake the best of three blows, ideally morning and evening
4. DTake the average of ten blows after exercise

A patient on ramipril is to start sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure. What is the key safety point?

1. AThe ACE inhibitor must be stopped first, with a gap before starting
2. BThe ACE inhibitor dose should be doubled during the change
3. CBoth drugs should be taken together each day for the best effect
4. DSacubitril/valsartan is safe to start on the same morning

Which investigation is most often used to confirm a pulmonary embolism?

1. ACT pulmonary angiography
2. BPeak flow measurement
3. CAbdominal ultrasound
4. DSputum culture

An older ex-smoker has a dry cough and worsening breathlessness over a year, finger clubbing and fine "Velcro-like" crackles at both bases at the end of inspiration. Which condition is most likely?

1. ACommunity-acquired pneumonia
2. BIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
3. CSpontaneous pneumothorax
4. DAn acute asthma attack

喘息の患者のピークフローが自己最良値の40%、呼吸数が28/分で、文章を最後まで話せません。SpO₂は94%です。この発作はどう分類されますか？

1. A中等度の喘息増悪
2. B急性重症喘息
3. C致死に近い喘息
4. D生命を脅かす喘息