解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What is the role of cilia in the airways?

1. AThey make surfactant to keep the small alveoli open
2. BThey exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood
3. CThey contract to narrow the airways and keep out particles of dust
4. DThey move mucus and trapped particles up towards the throat

During manual blood pressure measurement, what does the first clear tapping sound (Korotkoff phase 1) mark?

1. AThe mean arterial pressure
2. BThe diastolic pressure
3. CThe pulse pressure
4. DThe systolic pressure

When do the coronary arteries of the left ventricle mainly fill with blood?

1. ADuring diastole
2. BOnly during exercise
3. COnly during inspiration
4. DDuring systole

Virchow's triad describes three factors that promote venous thrombosis. Which patient factor represents venous stasis?

1. AAn inherited clotting disorder
2. BTaking an oestrogen-containing pill
3. CDamage to a vein during hip surgery
4. DImmobility after major surgery

A patient with bronchiectasis of the right lower lobe is taught postural drainage. How should they be positioned?

1. AWith the affected lobe uppermost so gravity drains it
2. BSitting fully upright at all times
3. CFlat on the back with the arms raised
4. DWith the affected lobe lowest so it fills with mucus

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. ALow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
2. BPotassium has no link with either medicine
3. CHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
4. DLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely

A patient being treated for pulmonary TB repeatedly misses doses and stops when they feel better. Which strategy is most effective?

1. AStopping treatment, as it is clearly not working for this patient
2. BDirectly observed therapy with support for barriers to adherence
3. CDoubling the dose on the days the patient remembers to take it
4. DSwitching to a single drug to make it easier

A nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will check before taking any new medicines or herbal remedies."
2. B"I will have regular INR blood tests."
3. C"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."
4. D"If I miss a dose, I will take two the next day."