解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

末梢動脈疾患に典型的な症状はどれですか？

1. A片側の温かく赤く腫れたふくらはぎ
2. B1日のうちに悪化し、夜の間に軽くなる足首の腫れ
3. C足首のまわりのかゆみのある茶色の皮膚
4. D歩くとふくらはぎがつり、休むと治まる

In hospital, how is oxygen therapy treated?

1. AAs a medicine that needs a prescription with a target range
2. BAs a treatment that patients adjust themselves
3. CAs a treatment kept only for patients who are near the end of life
4. DAs a comfort measure that needs no prescription or monitoring

What is cor pulmonale?

1. ARight-sided heart failure caused by lung disease
2. BInflammation of the lining around the heart
3. CInfection of the heart valves
4. DLeft-sided heart failure caused by a heart attack

In heart failure, why does activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system worsen symptoms over time?

1. AIt lowers the blood pressure to very low levels over time
2. BIt causes sodium and water retention and vasoconstriction
3. CIt makes the kidneys pass too much dilute urine each day
4. DIt slows the heart rate dangerously

Why is a beta-blocker started at a low dose and increased slowly in heart failure?

1. AIt must be stopped as soon as symptoms improve
2. BIt works only if the dose is never changed after the first day
3. CIt can briefly worsen symptoms before long-term benefit appears
4. DIt is safe only at the highest possible dose from the very start

A patient on nasal cannula oxygen breathes mainly through the mouth. What is the most accurate statement?

1. AThe flow must be increased to 15 L/min to make it work at all
2. BIt has no effect at all in mouth breathers and must be stopped
3. CThe cannula should be placed in the mouth
4. DIt can still work, because oxygen collects in the nasopharynx

Twelve hours after a coronary stent, a patient has sudden severe chest pain again with new ST elevation in the same leads. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAcute stent thrombosis
2. BPericarditis from the catheter
3. CNormal pain from the procedure site
4. DIndigestion from the hospital meal

A nurse finds a patient collapsed in bed and unresponsive. What should the nurse do first?

1. ATake a full set of observations, including temperature and blood glucose
2. BLeave the patient to fetch a defibrillator before calling anyone
3. CGive two rescue breaths, then check the blood glucose before calling anyone
4. DShout for help, open the airway and check breathing for up to 10 seconds