1.やさしい
What is bronchiectasis?
- ADestruction of the alveolar walls with air trapping
- BA tumour of the main bronchus
- CPermanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum
- DA brief spasm of the airways that fully reverses with treatment
2.やさしい
Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?
- AFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails
- BHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing
- CLow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
- DChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin
3.やさしい
What does "pleuritic" chest pain mean?
- ABurning pain behind the breastbone after meals
- BDull pressure that spreads to the jaw on exertion
- CAching that is worse when the arm is moved
- DSharp pain that worsens on breathing in or coughing
4.ふつう
患者が咳をしていないときでも、胸腔ドレーンの水封室で泡立ちが続いています。これは何を示唆しますか?
- A肺が完全に再膨張し、ドレーンを抜去する準備ができている
- Bチューブ内の血栓でドレーンが閉塞している
- C吸引源の電源が切られている
- D肺またはドレナージシステムからの空気漏れ
5.ふつう
COPDにおける呼吸リハビリテーションとは何ですか?
- A息切れを和らげる、監督下の運動と教育
- B肺の最も障害された部分を切除する手術
- C6か月ごとに繰り返す肺機能検査
- D毎年冬に自宅で行う、経口ステロイドと抗菌薬の投与
6.ふつう
A 34-year-old has hypertension that is hard to control and a low serum potassium without taking diuretics. Which cause should be considered?
- APrimary hyperaldosteronism
- BHypothyroidism
- CIron-deficiency anaemia
- DEssential hypertension of ageing
7.むずかしい
A patient with severe chronic kidney disease needs therapeutic anticoagulation for a DVT. Why might unfractionated heparin be chosen instead of a low-molecular-weight heparin?
- ALMWH cannot be given to anyone over 60
- BUnfractionated heparin is taken by mouth
- CUnfractionated heparin has no bleeding risk at all
- DLMWH is cleared by the kidneys and can accumulate
8.むずかしい
A patient with pneumonia has a heart rate of 118/min, BP 86/50 mmHg, RR 28/min and a high lactate. Sepsis is recognised. Which action should not be delayed?
- AGive oral antibiotics and reassess the next day
- BDelay fluids until a chest X-ray has been reported
- CWait for the sputum culture result before choosing an antibiotic
- DTake blood cultures and give IV antibiotics within the first hour
解答
- 1. C · Permanent widening of the bronchi with chronic sputum
- 2. C · Low blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
- 3. D · Sharp pain that worsens on breathing in or coughing
- 4. D · 肺またはドレナージシステムからの空気漏れ
- 5. A · 息切れを和らげる、監督下の運動と教育
- 6. A · Primary hyperaldosteronism
- 7. D · LMWH is cleared by the kidneys and can accumulate
- 8. D · Take blood cultures and give IV antibiotics within the first hour
ステップごとの詳しい解答:このトピックは examproblems.com で練習できます。