解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What is the approximate tidal volume of a resting adult?

1. AAbout 1.5 litres
2. BAbout 500 mL
3. CAbout 5 litres
4. DAbout 50 mL

What does the term "afterload" describe?

1. AThe stretch of the ventricle before it contracts
2. BThe volume of blood returning to the right atrium each minute
3. CThe resistance the ventricle must overcome to eject blood
4. DThe time the heart takes to relax after each beat

In a tension pneumothorax, which way does the trachea usually shift?

1. ATowards the affected side
2. BIt never moves in a pneumothorax
3. CUpwards towards the chin
4. DAway from the affected side

定量噴霧式吸入器用のスペーサーについて正しい記述はどれですか？

1. Aステロイドの予防吸入薬を完全にやめられるようになる
2. Bドライパウダー吸入器と一緒に使うよう設計されている
3. C1回の噴霧ごとの薬を通常より強くする
4. D必要な同調が少なくてすみ、より多くの薬が肺に届く

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. APhaeochromocytoma
2. BStable angina
3. CAortic stenosis
4. DAsthma

重症のCOPD患者が、少量ずつ頻回に食べるよう勧められるのはなぜですか？

1. A頻回の食事は胸部感染症を直接予防するから
2. B少量の食事は吸入器が必要な回数を減らすから
3. C胃が満たされると横隔膜が制限され、食べること自体が疲れるから
4. D大量の食事で気道が恒久的に狭くなるから

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. AIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour
2. BSilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas
3. CDisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
4. DChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure who takes ramipril and spironolactone. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
2. B"I will call if I gain weight quickly or get more breathless."
3. C"I will avoid ibuprofen for my joint pain."
4. D"I will weigh myself every morning after I go to the toilet."