解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

喘息で細い気道が狭くなったときに典型的な呼吸音はどれですか？

1. A主に吸気で聞こえる喘鳴（ストライダー）
2. B咳をすると消える粗い断続性ラ音
3. C深呼吸で聞こえる胸膜摩擦音
4. D喘鳴。通常は呼気で大きくなる

COPDの患者に口すぼめ呼吸を指導するのはなぜですか？

1. A吸気の間、横隔膜を強くするから
2. B吸い込む空気の酸素含有量を増やすから
3. C呼気の間、細い気道を開いたままにするから
4. D日中の咳き込みたい衝動を減らすから

What is Cheyne–Stokes breathing?

1. AA harsh, high-pitched sound on breathing in through the throat
2. BCycles of deeper then shallower breaths followed by a pause
3. CBreathing only through pursed lips
4. DConstant deep, fast breathing that never changes in depth

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. AHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
2. BLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
3. CPotassium has no link with either medicine
4. DLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely

患者の心房細動は48時間を超えて続いており、待機的カルディオバージョンの予定です。事前に抗凝固療法が必要なのはなぜですか？

1. A抗凝固薬が電気ショックに必要なエネルギーを減らすから
2. B抗凝固薬が心房細動を洞調律に戻すから
3. C洞調律に戻るときに、心房内の血栓が飛ぶことがあるから
4. D抗凝固薬が電気ショックの痛みを和らげるから

A woman with hypertension who takes lisinopril says she is planning a pregnancy. What should the nurse advise?

1. AStop all blood pressure treatment straight away without telling anyone
2. BDiscuss switching medicine with the prescriber before trying to conceive
3. CDouble the dose to protect the baby from high blood pressure
4. DContinue lisinopril, as it is the safest blood pressure drug in pregnancy

A patient with squamous cell lung cancer becomes confused, thirsty and constipated, with abdominal pain. Which electrolyte disturbance is most likely?

1. AHypokalaemia
2. BHyponatraemia
3. CHypercalcaemia
4. DHypomagnesaemia

A woman starting rifampicin (rifampin) for tuberculosis uses a combined oral contraceptive pill. What advice is correct?

1. AStop all contraception during TB treatment, as pregnancy cannot occur
2. BUse another reliable method, as rifampicin reduces the pill's effect
3. CContinue the pill as usual, because there is no interaction with TB drugs
4. DTake two pills a day to make up for the drug