解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

How is cardiac output calculated?

1. AStroke volume divided by heart rate
2. BHeart rate multiplied by stroke volume
3. CMean arterial pressure multiplied by heart rate
4. DSystolic pressure minus diastolic pressure

Which procedure relieves cardiac tamponade?

1. AThoracentesis (pleural tap)
2. BBronchoscopy
3. CPericardiocentesis
4. DCardioversion

During cardiac arrest, how is adrenaline (epinephrine) usually given?

1. ABy subcutaneous injection into the abdomen
2. BBy mouth, crushed and given with water
3. CBy inhalation through a nebuliser mask
4. DIntravenously or by the intraosseous route

A patient with a mechanical heart valve asks to switch from warfarin to apixaban. What is the correct response?

1. AAny anticoagulant works equally well once the valve is in place
2. BMechanical valves do not need anticoagulation after the first month
3. CDirect oral anticoagulants are not used for mechanical valves
4. DAspirin alone can replace warfarin once the valve has healed

心筋梗塞の2日後に、患者が突然の息切れ、ラ音、新たな大きな収縮期雑音を起こしました。どの合併症を疑うべきですか？

1. Aストレスで誘発された安定狭心症の新たな発作
2. B乳頭筋断裂による急性僧帽弁閉鎖不全
3. C心膜摩擦音を伴う梗塞後心膜炎
4. D長期臥床による肺塞栓症

A patient has episodes of severe headache, sweating and palpitations with very high blood pressure. Which rare cause should be considered?

1. AAsthma
2. BAortic stenosis
3. CStable angina
4. DPhaeochromocytoma

胸痛のある患者の心電図で、II、III、aVF誘導にST上昇があります。血圧は86/54 mmHg、肺は清明で、頸静脈が怒張しています。看護師が疑問を呈すべき処方薬はどれですか？

1. A静注の制吐薬
2. BSpO₂が目標を下回った場合の酸素
3. C舌下ニトログリセリン
4. Dかみ砕くアスピリン300 mg

A patient with stable severe COPD has a blood gas showing pH 7.37, a raised PaCO₂ and a raised bicarbonate. How should this be interpreted?

1. AAcute respiratory acidosis needing emergency intubation
2. BChronic respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation
3. CA normal blood gas with no abnormality
4. DRespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation