解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What is the main risk factor for lung cancer?

1. AA high-protein diet
2. BCigarette smoking
3. CDrinking coffee
4. DLow blood pressure

What is cor pulmonale?

1. AInflammation of the lining around the heart
2. BLeft-sided heart failure caused by a heart attack
3. CRight-sided heart failure caused by lung disease
4. DInfection of the heart valves

What should patients starting rifampicin (rifampin) be told about their urine, sweat and tears?

1. AThey may turn green, which means infection
2. BThey will become completely colourless
3. CThey may turn orange-red, which is harmless
4. DThey may turn black, which means bleeding

右室梗塞で硝酸薬を非常に慎重に使うのはなぜですか？

1. A右心室は前負荷に依存しており、血圧が急激に低下しうるから
2. B右心室が侵されていると、硝酸薬が吸収されないから
3. C硝酸薬が梗塞を左心室へ広げるから
4. Dこの型の梗塞では、硝酸薬が危険な高カリウム血症を起こすから

What is the main problem in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?

1. AA leaking aortic valve
2. BA dilated ventricle that cannot contract strongly
3. CA stiff ventricle that fills poorly in diastole
4. DA blocked pulmonary artery

アピキサバンやリバーロキサバンなどの直接作用型経口抗凝固薬（DOAC）について正しい記述はどれですか？

1. AビタミンKを投与すると作用が打ち消される
2. B数週間作用するため、飲み忘れても問題ない
3. C定期的なINR検査は不要だが、用量は腎機能に依存する
4. Dワルファリンと同様に、毎週のINR検査が必要である

A patient with stable severe COPD has a blood gas showing pH 7.37, a raised PaCO₂ and a raised bicarbonate. How should this be interpreted?

1. AA normal blood gas with no abnormality
2. BAcute respiratory acidosis needing emergency intubation
3. CRespiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
4. DChronic respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation

A patient with crushing chest pain has ST elevation in leads V1–V4. Which coronary artery is most likely blocked?

1. AThe left anterior descending artery
2. BThe left subclavian artery
3. CThe right coronary artery and its branches
4. DThe circumflex artery