解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

What is haemoptysis?

1. ABlood in the urine
2. BBleeding from the nose that runs into the throat
3. CCoughing up blood from the lungs or airways
4. DVomiting blood that comes from the stomach

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. AChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin
2. BFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails
3. CLow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
4. DHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing

右心不全に最も典型的な所見はどれですか？

1. A下垂部の浮腫と頸静脈圧の上昇
2. B仰向けに寝たときにだけ起こる息苦しさ
3. C夜間に息苦しくて目が覚めること
4. Dピンク色の泡沫状の痰と両側肺底部の細かいラ音

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
2. BHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver
3. CHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries
4. DHDL lowers the blood pressure directly

患者の血圧が200/125 mmHgで、新たな錯乱とかすみ目があります。通常、どのように降圧しますか？

1. A脳が今は高い圧に依存しているので、まったく下げない
2. B新しい経口錠剤で、1週間後に再評価する
3. Cできるだけ速く、数分で正常値まで
4. D滴定した静注薬で、最初の1時間に最大約25%まで

After a prescribed IV fluid bolus for hypotension, what should the nurse do next?

1. AReassess heart rate, blood pressure, urine output and lung sounds
2. BWait until the next routine observations in four hours
3. CStart a second fluid bolus straight away without checking anything
4. DStop all monitoring if the patient says they feel better

A patient receiving weeks of IV antibiotics through a PICC line in the left arm develops swelling and aching of that arm and neck veins that look fuller on the left. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
2. BLymphoedema from lying in bed
3. CAn expected effect of the antibiotic
4. DA local skin allergy to the dressing

A patient declines enoxaparin for VTE prevention because it is made from pork, which conflicts with their beliefs. What is the best response?

1. AGive the injection anyway without explaining what the medicine is made from
2. BDocument the refusal in the notes and take no further action at all
3. CTell the patient that refusal means they cannot have surgery
4. DRespect the decision, inform the prescriber and discuss non-animal options