解答つき内科外科看護：循環器と呼吸器ワークシート

Which of these is a common allergic trigger of asthma?

1. AWearing cotton clothes
2. BHouse dust mite
3. CEating rice
4. DDrinking water

In which situation can a pulse oximeter show a falsely normal reading?

1. AA regular pulse of 80/min
2. BA warm hand at rest
3. CCarbon monoxide poisoning
4. DBreathing room air

Where is the apex beat normally felt in an adult?

1. AOver the middle of the breastbone
2. BThe fifth intercostal space in the left mid-clavicular line
3. CThe second intercostal space to the right of the sternum
4. DJust below the right nipple

A patient is starting long-term amiodarone. Which teaching and monitoring are most important?

1. AAvoid dairy products and have the INR checked once at the start
2. BProtect skin from sunlight and have thyroid, liver and lung checks
3. CExpect orange urine and no need for blood tests
4. DEat extra salt and stop the drug as soon as the pulse is regular

In heart failure, why does activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system worsen symptoms over time?

1. AIt lowers the blood pressure to very low levels over time
2. BIt causes sodium and water retention and vasoconstriction
3. CIt slows the heart rate dangerously
4. DIt makes the kidneys pass too much dilute urine each day

A patient choosing between a mechanical and a biological heart valve asks about the main difference. Which answer is accurate?

1. AMechanical valves last longer but need lifelong anticoagulation
2. BMechanical valves wear out within one year
3. CBoth types need no medicines after surgery
4. DBiological valves last longer but need lifelong warfarin

A day after a myocardial infarction, a patient has frequent ventricular ectopic beats on the monitor. Which blood results should be checked first?

1. AFerritin and vitamin B₁₂
2. BAmylase and lipase
3. CAlbumin and bilirubin
4. DPotassium and magnesium

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. AIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour
2. BDisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
3. CChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate
4. DSilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas